Gender Stereotypes Throughout History - 1230 Words

ENG3U-04 Evolution of Female Concerns Women have fought for their equality between men throughout history. Women have fought for their right to vote, the right to receive education and more. Now in modern society, women legally possess equal rights as men. However, there is another huge wall women have to climb over; society’s gender norms and expectation. Gender norms and expectations are culturally constructed in a way that has historically been to the detriment of women; even though women have made significant advancements in sport, in the home and in the workplace, they still have to deal with limitations that are left over from previous gender expectations and assumptions that have held back women in the past. This contention is†¦show more content†¦These facts clearly display that women are far less likely to obtain jobs or positions with high pay. Naturally today, female workers in average only make three quarter of the salary of men. Low pay restricts women from being independent from men, making them powerless. Situations have changed, and now women in marriage are also allowed to work. Occupying jobs enable women to feel strong and independent but at the same time, it changes their relationships with theirShow MoreRelatedImagery Throughout History Has Been A Big Factor In Creating1389 Words   |  6 PagesImagery throughout history has been a big factor in creating social norms and acts as a site of conflict. Throughout time, we have used art pieces such as stories, mythology, paintings and movies as a way of conflict, to get a point across, or to tell a story. A big theme presented over time has been the ideologies of women and their role. Through time, we are able to see the way in which the roles of a female has been continuously constructed and reconstructed over and over again. This paper willRead MoreGender Role Controversy826 Words   |  4 PagesGender can be defined in many different ways based on the opinions of the person you are asking. To me, I believe gender refers to the b ehaviors and roles that our society deems appropriate for men and women. Although gender roles have changed over time and males and females have become more equal, a certain stereotype of behaviors and tasks which are acceptable for men and women still exists today. For example, cooking and cleaning, home repairs, and being the ‘breadwinner† in the family are allRead MoreIntersectionality Essay853 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding of US womxy’s history. The term reflects to the reality that we all have multiple identities that intersect to make us who we are. The concept of feminism doesn’t just include activism for womens rights but for the rights of all sexes and identities (Bell hooks). Feminism is a political and social movement used to unify all identities. In order to truly understand feminism intersectionality you must take all pathologies into consideration. Within settler colonialism, Gender self determinationRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women1662 Words   |  7 Pages Gender Roles â€Å"Gender is the costume, a mask, a straightjacket in which men and women dance their unequal dance† (Kearl). Throughout history, women have been treated with unequal and unjust standards in comparison to their male counterparts. This paper will discuss gender roles in society and the stereotypes placed on men and women. As well as gender role development and the different influences that lead to these roles and stereotypes. Also, it will outline the history and progress of women’sRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Women s Equality And Empowerment993 Words   |  4 PagesOne fundamental way in which technology is often expressed in any society is through gender. The relationship between technology and gender has been theorized through decades due to the fact that the social struggles for equality between men and women are a contemporary topical issue. Lately, there has been an increase in the strength of the women’s movement advocating matters on women†™s equality and empowerment. Amongst these issues is women’s invisibility in all aspects of technology. Some individualsRead MoreI Am So Sick Of Hearing, By Simone De Beauvoir905 Words   |  4 Pagesbe tolerant of all races, religions, and genders.† Yet, this claim blatantly avoids many of issues at hand. French author Simone de Beauvoir states, â€Å"the reason for [the gender inequality] is that women lack concrete means for organization themselves into a unit† (257). I deeply agree with Beauvoir claim that many of women’s inequalities could be combated with greater organization, but the burden does not simply lay on the women. Men throughout all of history are responsible for perpetuating the ideologyRead MoreGender Equality And Women s Rights1274 Words   |  6 Pages Women in the world still face discrimination and gender equality takes action to achieve women’s rights. AAUW provides and gives women the chance to have an education, while Catalyst reaches out to women to carry out equal pay, equal participation in the workplace, and remove discrimination. UN Women attains to human rights for women. Throughout history women have fought for gender equality in the workplace and in education, and every year organizations like AAUW, Catalyst, and UN Women haveRead MoreGender Roles Of The Film Industry1228 Words   |  5 PagesThe film industry has created the conventional gender roles of society into their movies. A majority of films have supported some of the male and female stereotypes. In the history of the film industry, the role of men is primarily that of the stereotypical working class man or hero, while the roles of women are primarily portrayed as being somewhat inferior to men. In the 1930s through the 1970s, men held the leading roles in films while women played smaller roles. In terms of jobs, women wereRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1701 Words   |  7 PagesGender has had a repeating effect on the choice of careers for people all throughout the United States. In history, it is taught that males dominated women in many careers, while women dominated males in only a few other minor positions. Males had an upper hand over women in engineering and in the military. One of the reasons males dominated was the idea of dominance over women has been passed down for centuries. It was never common for a women to be an engineer of a home or anything that wasn’tRead MoreToys as Role Models1114 Words   |  5 PagesToys as Role Models Judy Attfield, who holds a PhD in history and design, has written numerous articles in relation to design history. Her articles, often written in a formal and informative style, concentrate on parenting and family issues. Citing the differences in the maneuverability designs of Barbie and Action Man, which embody the stereotypical clichà © of feminine passivity and masculine activity respectively, â€Å"Barbie and Action Man: Adult toys for girls and boys, 1959-93† (P. Kirkham (Ed

Synthesis of T-Pentyl Chloride Essay - 954 Words

Exp 23 B Synthesis of t-Pentyl Chloride 11-8-12 Purpose: The sysnthesis of t-Pentyl Chloride from alcohol. Procedure: Preparation of t-Pentyl Chloride. In a 125-mL separatory funnel, place 10.0 mL of t-pentyl alcohol (2-methyl-2-butanol, MW _ 88.2, d _ 0.805 g/mL) and 25 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid (d _ 1.18 g/mL). Do not stopper the funnel. Gently swirl the mixture in the separatory funnel for about 1 minute. After this period of swirling, stopper the separatory funnel and carefully invert it. Without shaking the separatory funnel, immediately open the stopcock to release the pressure. Close the stopcock, shake the funnel several times, and again release the pressure through the stopcock (see Technique 12, Section†¦show more content†¦Wash (swirl and shake) the organic layer with one 10-mL portion of water and again drain the lower aqueous layer. Transfer the organic layer to a small, dry Erlenmeyer flask by pouring it from the top of the separatory funnel. Dry the crude t-pentyl chloride over 1.01 g of anhydrous calcium chloride until it is clear (see Technique 12, Section 12.9) . Swirl the alkyl halide with the drying agent to aid the drying. Distillation. Transfer the clear liquid to a dry 25-mL round-bottom flask using a Pasteur pipet. Add a boiling stone and distill the crude t-pentyl chloride in a dry apparatus. Collect the pure t-pentyl chloride in a receiver cooled in ice. Collect the material that boils between 78 °C and 84 °C. Weigh the product and calculate the percentage yield. Results | Weight | Empty Erlenmeyer flask | 39.23 g | Flask with collected t-pentyl chloride | 46.61 | Discussion First thing we did in this lab was to add HCl to the t-pentyl alcohol. We did this because by adding the HCl, we are creating what we wanted, t-pentyl chloride. Then, due to the difference in density, layers will form. The top layer and less dense is the organic layer, the t-pentyl chloride and the bottom layer is the aqueous layer. The purpose of shaking vigourously is to make sure that the 2 liquids mix properly, giving us the desired product t-pentyl chloride. Then we wash the organic layer with water. T-pentyl chloride is insoluble in water, so it wont beShow MoreRelatedNucleophilic Substitution: Synthesis of N-Butyl Bromide and T-Pentyl Chloride1608 Words   |  7 PagesNucleophilic Substitution | Synthesis of n-Butyl Bromide and t-Pentyl Chloride | | Jessica | [Pick the date] | Abstract The synthesis of the alkyl halide n-Butyl Bromide from alcohol is the foundation for the experiment. During the isolation of the n-butyl bromide, the crude product is washed with sulfuric acid, water, and sodium bicarbonate to remove any remaining acid or n-butyl alcohol. The primary alkyl halide halide n-butyl bromide is prepared by allowing n-butyl alcohol to react withRead MoreT Pentyl Chloride Lab Report Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesSynthesis of t-Pentyl Chloride Introduction: Using SN1 reaction mechanism with hydrochloric acid, t-Pentyl alcohol was converted to t-Pentyl chloride in an acid catalyzed reaction. The reaction took place in a separatory funnel designed to separate immiscible liquids. The crude product was extracted by transferring a solute from one solvent to another. The process of washing the solutions by phase transfer was used in order to remove impurities from the main solvent layer. Finally, the crudeRead MoreDual ACC1 / ACC2 Inhibition9209 Words   |  37 Pagesselected for a SAR study of the effects of modifying the 3,4-pyrazole-fused moiety. Herein it was found that decreasing the bulk of the substituent at N-2 atom of the pyrazole ring (with respect to t-Bu group) similarly decreased ACC1/ACC2 inhibition. Increasing the bulkiness of this group (tert-pentyl) improved the IC50 values for both ACC1 and ACC2, but also resulted in an increase in HLM by a factor of 4, which outweighed the small inhibitory advantage. Introducing substitution at the N-1

Review of the Death of Ryan Saunders

Question: Write about the Review of the Death of Ryan Saunders. Answer: Introduction The health care professionals should always complete their duty of care appropriately, to ensure the maximum well being of the client. Sometimes, due to failure of proper diagnosis, service users suffer a lot, which also impacts negatively upon the entire health care system. One such case of misconduct was recorded in 2007, when due to continuous misdiagnosis and delay in treatment led to an inconsolable death of a 2 years old child named Ryan Saunders (Abc.net.au, 2017). A significant lack of communication, poor handover and negligence has been revealed in several steps of care provided to Ryan. Ryan was brought to his GP, Dr. John Evans on 20th September, 2007. He diagnosed him as having mumps; instead of the fact that Ryan got the MMR vaccine from his clinic. He prescribed regular analgesia in the form of paracetamol, to help him with his pain. Ryan was advised not to attend child care until the swelling had subsided; however, the GP did not recommended follow up appointment, not contacted Ryan further (courts.qld.gov.au, 2011). Therefore, from the beginning, the GP has shown a communication gap and lack of in-depth assessment in resolving Ryans heath issues. Communication plays a significant role in nursing and medical practice. For instance, in health care practice, communication within patient-physician, patient-nurse, nurse-physician, physician-physician and nurse-nurse are key player in delivering information regarding significant patient care (Liaw et al., 2011). A significant communication gap has been identified in Ryans case. Ryans mother took him to Emerald hospital, upon witnessing his inconsolable pain at 1.00 am on Monday 24th September 2007. At this point, the nurses at Emerald hospital shown significant communication through maintaining the patients medical status report. At Emerald hospital, the physicians and nurses were unable to detect the appropriate reason for Ryans illness, but undertook immediate actions through systematic process, with no visible communication gap. Ryan arrived RBH with a great pain (courts.qld.gov.au, 2011). From the beginning at RBH, Ryan faced a significant communication gap. Instead of the provision of calling a off duty physician on emergency case, the hospital authority, i.e. Ryans paediatric consultant Dr. Roper did not took initiative to communicate with the sonographer, leading to one step delay in his care provision and diagnosis. He was observed by Dr. Roos at 6.00 pm; however, examination was difficult due to his irritability. Dr Roos did note all physical indicators of meningitis. Dr. Roper was contacted and ordered for a lumbar puncture. He acknowledged no abnormal sign in Ryans abdomen, upon examination, he also denied his continuous crying and was unaware what pain medication was he taking at that time. However, he did not go through his medical chart from Emerald hospital or RBH ED and relied upon the verbal briefing of Dr. Roos and Dr. Kendes letter. It represented one of the key miscommunication done by Dr. Roper, he continuously showed communication errors throughout R yans case and on his interview, he attempted to deny most of his communication issues. A significant lack of clinical handover has also been shown here. At around 9.10 pm, Dr. Roper got to know the test result was negative and he neither undertook any further examination, nor spoke to Ryans parents directly, leaving it to nursing staffs. Dr. Roos asked Dr. Roper, whether a blood culture needed to be done, but he denied its urgency. Again a miscommunication was noted from Dr. Ropers side, he did not prioritize other physicians suggestions. However, he suspected a viral infection. Ryan did not visited by any doctor since the lumbar puncture at 7.30 pm to 9.15 am on the next day (Flatley, 2011). In the morning, Terry asked the nurses, when Ryan will see a doctor, they replied that doctors dont start their rounds till 8.00 am. With the irresponsibility of Dr. Roper, here, the nurses also shown significant lack in their communication process; instead of witnessing Ryans pain, they did not informed doctors or attempted to relieve him from the condition. Considering the likeliness of viral myosotis, he believed that the source of pain was from his limbs, but unable to identify the source. Dr. Kamal suspectes abdominal source of pain, Dr. Ropper nominated retrocaecal appendicitis. Dr. Kamal suggested blood culture for toxic work up, followed by IV fluids and antibiotics. However, Dr. Roper denied about these suggestions. He also refused Dr. Kamals suggestion for administering morphine, as it may mask the source of pain. He continuously suggested administering less pain relief medication, Codeine, which Ryan received 12.05 pm, a poor interaction of Dr. Roper with other physicians or staffs has been shown. The Nurse Wood asked for taking blood to examine toxic work up, as Ryans stomach was rigid. CT scan was performed, though it was not marked urgent (Flatley, 2011). Here, the RN represented significant skill of conflict management along with effective management. As she witnessed the deterioration in Ryans health, she attempted to do h er best to make the diagnosis and care accurate. One of the significant ways of communication in medical care is patient handover, which is done when a patients responsibility is handed over from one medical staff to the other during the change of shift. Appropriate clinical handover is important for delivering adequate and in-depth information about the patient and avoiding misdiagnosis or medication error (Craig et al., 2012). During the handover of Ryans case in the next shift, Dr, Roper showed negligence, he was not present during clinical handover. To help his breathing he was attempted to intubate and ventilated, shortly after, he got a cardiac arrest, leading him to death on 26th September 2007. During Ryans last few hours, Dr. Roper also showed poor communication, as he left the communication part with Ryans parents over the RN. However, the RN significantly communicated with them and empathized them for Ryans situation (Liaw et al., 2011). From the case study and coroners findings, it has been found that there were significant communication gap among the key physicians involved in Ryans case, which include miscommunication, insufficient information distribution and poor handover. Dr. Roper has been shown to avoid other physicians suggestions on Ryans health. However, it has also been shown that during Ryans last time, after he got a cardiac arrest, Dr. Roper left the job of informing Ryans parents about his condition, over the nurse; instead of communicating directly with them (Flatley, 2011). In this interview, he also depicted controversial comments about the information shared by other physicians regarding Ryans blood culture results. In the evening shift, Dr. Roper was not involved in the hand over procedure of Ryan. Nurses role is vital in care service, as she has the responsibility to communicate with patient, his family and physician regarding any kinds of health issues faced by the patient. In addition, communicating with other members in multidisciplinary team is also important for achieving success in care plan (King et al., 2013). Nurse King and Nurse Wood have shown to convey several times about Ryans pain, however, he continuously failed to manage his pain (Flatley, 2011). Moreover, after Ryans transfer from Emerald hospital to RBH, he only relied upon the verbal communication with the doctor of Emerald hospital; instead of checking Ryans medical history, his medical chart or thorough physical examination. These have been shown a poor communication, lack of patient safety and poor handover procedure (King et al., 2013). It has also shown that at the day before Ryans death, he was left over throughout the night since 7.30 pm to next day 8.00 am without visited by a doctor. Nurses noted th e child was screaming, but the doctor was not informed; showing a significant lack of communication and poor patient safety. It has been revealed that the GP, physicians at Emerald hospital as well as the on call consultant Dr. Roper at RBH ED played the key role in promoting the adverse effects in Ryans case. Reviewing the case, it has been revealed that Ryan was not at state of having fatal consequences, if he got proper diagnosis and care. However, from his GP Dr. Evans, he was being misdiagnosed and neglected regarding his severe pain. His GP was aware of the fact the that he undergone MMR vaccine, which reduces the chance of occurrence about 95%, though he diagnosed him with mumps and did not recommended for follow up visit. On the other hand, physicians at Emerald hospital also unable to diagnose the cause of his illness, however, they provided appropriate analgesia and referred him to a secondary hospital for advanced treatment (Flatley, 2011). However, a continuous negligence and misdiagnosis was observed from the on call consultant at Rockhampton hospital, Dr. Roper, who misdiagnosed his cause of illness more than one time, did not considered the positive recommendations of other physician and nurse at the multidisciplinary team, nor attempted to reduce Ryans pain, instead of witnessing him suffering continuously (Craig et al., 2012). These were the human factors contributed towards Ryans health deterioration. The paediatric consultant, Dr. Peter Roper explained that he did not attempt to relieve Ryans pain, as he did not want to mask Ryans symptoms with analgesia. However, coroner disapproved his explanation. Initially, Dr. Roper believed a viral infection of the child, but did not ordered a blood culture, despite of being suggested by junior doctor and repeatedly made serious errors in judgment, when he declined to do so. Cororner reported that after lumbar puncture report was positive, there was no initiative by Dr. Roper to urgently find the root cause; rather Ryan was left in pain, not visited by any doctor till next day morning (Miko, 2011). According to expert witness, blood culture should be done and antibiotics given, when physician thinks a lumber puncture is warranted. Interventions for ceasing bacterial infection were undertaken too late. Ryans parents described uncaring attitude of physicians, lack of urgency and poor communication. The coroner acknowledged Dr. Ropers years of committed service with inadequate resources (Ong, BiomedE Coiera, 2011). However, the Medical Board of Australia found no grounds for disciplinary action against Dr. Roper. Dr. Roper also failed to be involved in proper handover process as well as ignored the information in handover and patient chart made by nurse, where several times nurses mentioned about Ryans inconsolable pain. The adequacy of care at RBH included incomplete history, Dr. Roper did not investigated Ryan, instead only relied upon the verbal communication with the Emerald hospitals doctor; failure to examine, no septic work up or antibiotics and failure to pain management (Miko, 2011). When a CRP test was done, it demonstrated highly infective process, but at that stage, Ryan could not be saved. Nurses role in Ryans case was significant in addressing his problems. However, according to Ryans parents, Ryan screamed through the night in pain, but nurses didnt seem interested in following up with doctors. Nurse Wood approached Dr. Roper regarding Ryans pain and urgency for prompt attention. She also requested to give morphine to combat with Ryans pain, but was denied by Dr. Roper. RN King also noted Ryan was wailing. RN king asked for blood culture, which was a right diagnosis for Ryan. RN was also concerned that Ryan was not receiving adequate pain relief. Finally, as a result of RNs concern, Dr. Roper agreed to administer morphine to Ryan. Therefore, the RN, Nurse King her role significantly for Ryan, identifying him to be readily deteriorating, she was in deep distress at Ryans death. Therefore, according to the professional codes and competency standards, RN King met her standards of practice while taking care for Ryan, showed significant concern regarding urgency, showed e mpathy towards his distress and pain and attempted to continuously report Ryans deterioration to Dr. Roper and other physicians (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). Coroner agreed with 15 recommendations made by HQCC along with not taking any disciplinary action against Dr. Roper. The recommendations included inclusion of adequate training about service capability levels through Queensland hospitals; ensuring appropriate access to tertiary level telemedical advice through rural and regional medical team; state wide implementation of CRP reporting tools; to ensure radiological imaging is available at Rockhampton Hospital 24 hours per day, with state wide expansion of the process; to ensure handover process at RBH; to implement an escalation procedure for pathology reports and a automated alert process; to ensure nursing processes; to consider whether any further investigations are required (Miko, 2011). Communication plays a key role in these kinds of cases, as supported by a wide range of medical evidences. To reduce these kinds of issues, several national and federals legislations and policies has been implemented. In this context, the health care professionals hold the key responsibility of service users well being as well as any kinds of negative health consequences, as a result of services provided. Therefore, health care practitioner should be to avoid medical error or misdiagnosis like Ryans case in 2007. Reference List Abc.net.au,. (2017).PM - Toddler died undiagnosed and in terrible pain 07/10/2011.Abc.net.au. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2011/s3334923.htm courts.qld.gov.au,. (2011).Inquest into the death of Ryan Charles Saunders.courts.qld.gov.au. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.courts.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/107536/cif-saunders-rc-20111007.pdf Craig, R., Moxey, L., Young, D., Spenceley, N. S., Davidson, M. G. (2012). Strengthening handover communication in pediatric cardiac intensive care.Pediatric Anesthesia,22(4), 393-399. Flatley, C. (2011).Toddler's death: Doctor made 'serious errors'.Brisbane Times. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/toddlers-death-doctor-made-serious-errors-20111007-1ldcb.html King, B. J., Gilmore?Bykovskyi, A. L., Roiland, R. A., Polnaszek, B. E., Bowers, B. J., Kind, A. J. (2013). The consequences of poor communication during transitions from hospital to skilled nursing facility: a qualitative study.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,61(7), 1095-1102. Liaw, S. Y., Scherpbier, A., Klainin?Yobas, P., Rethans, J. J. (2011). A review of educational strategies to improve nurses' roles in recognizing and responding to deteriorating patients.International nursing review,58(3), 296-303. Miko, T. (2011).Ryan was left crying in agony.Rockhampton Morning Bulletin. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.themorningbulletin.com.au/news/ryan-was-left-crying-in-agony-in-isolation/1109268/ Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au,. (2017).Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Professional standards.Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards.aspx Ong, M. S., BiomedE, M., Coiera, E. (2011). A systematic review of failures in handoff communication during intrahospital transfers.The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety,37(6), 274-AP8. Bibliography Doyle, C., Lennox, L., Bell, D. (2013). A systematic review of evidence on the links between patient experience and clinical safety and effectiveness.BMJ open,3(1), e001570. Khan, T. M., Hassali, M. A., Al-Haddad, M. S. M. (2011). Patient-physician communication barrier: A pilot study evaluating patient experiences.Journal of Young Pharmacists,3(3), 250-255. Liu, W., Manias, E., Gerdtz, M. (2012). Medication communication between nurses and patients during nursing handovers on medical wards: a critical ethnographic study.International journal of nursing studies,49(8), 941-952. Morris, B. J., Jahangir, A. A., Sethi, M. K. (2013). Patient satisfaction: an emerging health policy issue.Am Acad Orthop Surg,6, 7-9. Stepanikova, I. (2014). PatientPhysician Communication.The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Health, Illness, Behavior, and Society.

The Concept of Ego Depletion in Psychology

Apart from healing time, younger people are not overwhelmed by emotional fatigue which can be another name of ego depletion. Admittedly, the concept of ego depletion can confirm that younger people can better cope with such ordeal as the loss of a close one. However, it is necessary to take a closer look at the notion of ego depletion to understand its effects on people’s behavior.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Ego Depletion in Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Notably, Freud mentioned concepts similar to the concept of ego depletion (Baumeister et al., 1998). He claimed that ego was like a rider who was trying to control his horse (i.e. id), which is sometimes impossible. He also believed that there were certain limits to people’s capacity to control their nature (Baumeister et al., 1998). Now researchers have more specific ideas on the matter. For instance, Baumeister an d Vohs (2007, p. 117) define ego depletion as â€Å"a state in which the self does not have all the resources it has normally†. Vohs et al. (2011, p. 166) provide a more precise definition stating that â€Å"[e]arlier engagements in self-regulation lead to later self-regulation failures, a hangover effect†. It is important to note that researchers quite agree upon the definitions, but they have different views on one important point. Thus, some researchers suggest that self-regulation is unlimited and motivation can diminish ego depletion (Job et al., 2010; Vohs et al., 2012). However, it is necessary to add that Vohs et al. (2012) admit that this is true when it comes to some everyday self-control scenarios, whereas ego depletion increases in such cases as death of a close one, severe health problems experiences, etc. Schmeichel et al. (2003) provide valuable data which verify these assumptions. Though the researchers focuse on cognitive operations, it is obvious that more complex psychological processes lead to higher levels of ego depletion (be it reasoning or experiencing emotional traumas).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At the same time, a lot of researchers argue that self-regulation is indeed limited. Various surveys and experiments confirm such assumptions. For instance, Job et al. (2011) state that the availability of information on limited or unlimited self-regulation resources only affects people’s perception on the matter, but have no effect on actual level of ego depletion. In other words, even though people start believing they can cope with a variety of problems irrespective of their previous experiences, this does not affect their actual ability to handle this or that issue. Interestingly, Heatherton and Wagner (2011) focus on neurological aspect of the issue. Their study also confirms that people have different capacities to regulate their emotions with the course of time. The researchers also claim that the more self-regulation people have to exert the higher level of ego depletion will occur. Leary and Tangney (2012) state that people try to improve their lives with the help of self-control. Self-control helps people fit the society, which, in its turn, helps them feel better. Therefore, various surveys confirm that younger people have more capacity to overcome such psychological traumas as the loss of close people. When a young individual faces the issue for the first time, he/she feels distress and anxiety. However, young people find strength to exert self-control. They may or may not be assisted. In other words, their friends, relatives or psychologists can help them find ways to cope with the problem. Thus, young people who experience such psychological traumas can accept the loss and move on. Certain time later people have to experience similar feelings as the loss of relatives and close peop le is inevitable. Facing such problems, young people already have specific behavioral patterns to follow. They can exert self-control. When it comes to older people, their capacity is coming to an end as each loss diminishes self-control capacity. Older people experience numerous sad events which make them grow weaker, so-to-speak. Updegraff and Taylor (2000) claim that people’s mastery diminishes each time they have to exert self-control.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Ego Depletion in Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Admittedly, elderly people are especially vulnerable as they exert self-control throughout their lives. Many elderly people have to live through the death of their child which is one of the most serious psychological traumas (Ryan, 2012). Thus, the loss of a partner at eighty is more difficult to handle compared to the loss of a partner at thirty. In the latter ca se the individual has almost full capacity of self-control. However, the elderly individual has already spent considerable amount of his/her capacity while coping with various sad experiences during his/her lifetime. The level of ego depletion is high since this person has had to exert self-control previously. There have been many associations with the concept of ego depletion. One of the easiest associations is as follows: holding a 7-kilo package can seem quite difficult at the beginning. However, this package can seem simply intolerable after holding it for a couple of hours. Likewise, when exerting self-control for the first time, it is difficult, but in the course of time this task can seem unbearable. Therefore, the concept of ego depletion does confirm that older people regulate their emotions worse or even much worse than younger people. Reference List Baumeister, R.F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M. Tice, D.M. (1998). Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource? Jou rnal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(5), 1252-1265. Baumeister, R.F., Vohs, K.D. (2007). Self-regulation, ego depletion, and motivation. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1(1), 115-128. Heatherton, T.F. Wagner, D.D. (2011). Cognitive neuroscience of self-regulation failure. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(3), 132-139.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Job, V., Dweck, C.S. Walton, G.M. (2010). Ego depletion – is it all in your head? Implicit theories about willpower affect self-regulation. Psychological Science, 21(11), 1686-1693. Leary, M.R. Tangney, J.P. (2012). Handbook of self and identity. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Ryan, R.M. (2012). The Oxford handbook of human motivation. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Schmeichel, B.J., Vohs, K.D. Baumeister, R.F. (2003). Intellectual performance and ego depletion: Role of the self in logical reasoning and other information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(1), 33-46. Updegraff, J.A. Taylor, S.E. (2000). From vulnerability to growth: Positive and negative effects of stressful life events. In J.H. Harvey E.D. Miller (Ed.), Loss and trauma: General and close relationship perspectives (pp. 3-21). New York, NY: Psychology Press. Vohs, K.D., Glass, B.D., Maddox, W.T. Markman, A. (2011). Ego depletion is not just fatigue: Evidence from a total s leep deprivation experiment. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(2), 166-173. Vohs, K.D., Baumeister, R.F., Schmeichel, B.J. (2012). Motivation, personal beliefs, and limited resources all contribute to self-control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. Web. This essay on The Concept of Ego Depletion in Psychology was written and submitted by user Marilyn Martin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Deregulation of Utilities in California essays

Deregulation of Utilities in California essays In 1996, the California Legislature unanimously approved legislation to deregulate electricity. The legislation promised competition and at least 20% lower electricity rates by 2002. Today, however, many agree that the deregulation of California was a disaster. There are disagreements on whom or what is to blame for the current situation and how to solve the problems. There are some who blame the utility companies for the deregulations current situation. Harvey Wasserman believes that the problems were started due to the mismanagement and greed of the corporations. The roots of this unnatural disaster lie in the corporate boardrooms of the utility companies now on the brink of bankruptcy. It was their mismanagement and greed that led directly to some of the greatest miscalculations in the US business history. (Wasserman 11) He points out that the utility companies had once made their own bad investments in obsolete generators, mainly nuclear power plants. (Wasserman 11) According to Wasserman, the utility companies were Tired of having their rates regulated by the states ninety-year old Public Utility Commission. What they wanted was to cash out of those bad investments, keep their big customers and make profits at will, without regulation. (Wasserman 11) Some of the alleged miscalculations of the companies were their haste to cash out and their assumption that there would always be a surplus of cheap wholesale electricity. (Wasserman 11) The companies then began to sell off much of their generating capacity and had too little of their own supply at a time when rates were still frozen. (Wasserman 11) There are some who disagree and blame the Governor and legislature of California for the problem. They say that the Sacramento Municipal Utility District should have been the model followed to help deregulate the utilities. Sacramento had ...

Dedicated To My Friend Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Dedicated To My Friend Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Dedicated To My Friend i must leave you for a short while please do not grieve and shed wild tears and hug your sorrow to you through the years but start out bravely with a gallant smile and for my sake and in my name live on and do all things the same never,never be afriad to die for i am waiting for you in the sky Bibliography 12th grade student

Social and environmental sustainability v financial sustainability Essay

Social and environmental sustainability v financial sustainability - Essay Example Such is a sustainable society (Schaltegger, Bennett and Burritt, 2006). Therefore, sustainability refers to an ideal towards which we strive and against which we weigh our proposed plans, actions, expenditures and decisions. Sustainability is a means of looking at a society in the broadest sense possible in terms of space and time. Every community has its different social, economic and environmental systems that make the pursuit of sustainability a local endeavour depending on the systems surrounding the particular community. Every society has its unique concerns and needs, and the quantity, quality, balance, and the importance of these matters is unique. The term sustainability can be defined differently depending on the context and the discipline in which the word is being used. In a more general dimension, sustainability can be taken to refer to the endurance of processes and systems (Del Bo and Bignami, 2014). Therefore, social and environmental sustainability refers to the persistence of the social and environmental systems and processes. Financial sustainability refers to the persistence of the economic processes and systems as applied to the business environment. The sustainable development forms the organizing principle for sustainability. The movement towards sustainability presents a social challenge that involves national and international law, transport and urban planning, individual and local lifestyles alongside ethical consumerism. There are varied ways in which corporations and individuals strive to live sustainably (Staicu and Feleaga, 2013). These may take the form of reappraising the economic sectors, reorganizing the living conditions, the use of science to create technologies, reappraising o work practices and the adjustment of individual lifestyles. Despite the increased use of the term sustainability, the attainment of environmental

The Legalization of Same-sex Marriages Research Paper

The Legalization of Same-sex Marriages - Research Paper Example This can be seen as an extension of the discrimination that homosexual individuals have to face in the society. The lack of legalization also results in a lesser number of families amongst the homosexual communities across the world. In a society that still does not recognize any other social unit as much as the family, the lack of recognition for homosexual families can result in psychological problems that may lead to many problems for the individuals involved. This paper shall look at the psychological aspect of the problem and argue that the problems faced by such couples has a lot to do with the lack of legal recognition that they receive at the hands of the state and religious groups that they may be a part of. This paper shall examine the different aspects of the problem at hand and attempt to look at the perspectives that different groups endorse as far as same-sex marriage is concerned. There are several arguments that are used against the institutionalization of gay marriag es. One of the most important of such arguments is advanced by religious conservatives who argue that there is a need to improve the health of the institution of marriage. They cite the high divorce rates and the general lack of belief that the youth of today demonstrates in marriage as reasons for it to be preserved as a bastion of heterosexual normativity (Overview of Same-Sex Marriage in the United States). In many of these arguments is visible a strain of religious orthodoxy that bestows n heterosexual marriages the mantle of legitimacy. What is important here is that in such arguments, a marriage is defined as one where there is a certain level of productivity. It is true that same-sex marriages do not result in a traditional production of children. It therefore, is against conventional ideas of a marriage where one of the most important aspects is that of procreation. Heterosexual marriages, according to those who oppose same-sex marriages, weaken the foundations of marriage a s a social institution. While looking at children as only part of the reason for marriage, one removes the focus from marriage as an institution meant for procreation. This results in a greater emphasis on individuality and this weakens the concept of the couple as a sacrosanct unit. This can then be considered to be a reason for the frequent breakups of marriages and the condition that children of such marriages find themselves in. Another argument against the implementation of the clause of same-sex marriages is that it is considered to be too divisive to take up. This can be seen in the reluctance that certain institutions of the state have in pursuing it to a logical conclusion (Hope and fear in gay marriage cases at high court). There is a chance that there may be chaos in the violence that may result from the implementation of such a decision. Here, violence is not meant in merely a physical sense. The mental and psychological stress that may result in the people who are homos exual and live amongst a largely heterosexual community is something that is avoidable. Thus, there is the fear of a backlash from communities who feel that their sentiments are not taken into account by the state. This may lead to the breaking of neighborhoods and relationships that are forged without taking into account the sexual orientation of a person. The importance of such relationships cannot be disregarded as they result in many transactions that an individual is a part of.  Ã‚  

Creon Antigone by Sophocles Essay Example for Free

Creon Antigone by Sophocles Essay In Antigone, written by Sophocles, Creon dominates the play with his powerful yet arrogant personality. Even though Antigone is the name of this play, Creon, the ruling king of Thebes with a no turning back attitude, proves to be the main character. Creon rules over everyone but that does not stop the intelligent Antigone from protecting her brothers dead body. She gets caught in this illegal act by the very dynamic character of Creon. There are endless personality traits to describe Creon, but certain traits that pop out are his strength/power and his stubbornness. Who is the man here, she or I if this crime goes unpunished?(Scene 2, lines 82,83). This quote is a simple example of how stubborn a king with that much pride can act toward his own family. We then learn that no matter how wrong he is in his decisions, he still sticks with what he believes to be the right punishment to Antigone. The other proving quote in Scene 3 (line 26) is when Creon states, Do you want me to show myself before the people? Or to break my sworn word? No, and I will not. Creon slowly starts to realize the right thing to do in his situation but something inside of him prevents him from saving Antigone. It could quite possibly be him knowing his own strength and power compared to everyone else. His strength plays a key role in the problems that occurred. Antigone sees right through this personality trait of his. Creon is not strong enough to stand in my way.(Prologue, line 35) Also,in Scene 1 line 118 Creon says,Theres nothing in this world that is more demoralizing than money. Creon really means it when he says this. He thinks that everything in the world has a price. His strength can be translated as a waste cause he doesnt use his powers for the better of the city of Thebes. His power completely forces him to believe that no one is above him. That is where the conflict began for Antigone and Polyneices. There was not much motivation for his actions besides his pride, which is apparently the cause of all their troubles. If Creon would have realized early on that the right thing to do is more important then power and pride, Antigone would not have of been dead. In Scene 2, (line 75,76) Choragus is right on when he says, Like father, like daughter both headstrong, deaf to  reason. Creon believes that his word over all should be the final say. But when Antigone, a female at that, defies him, he flips out and sentences her to rot in a prison cell. In his mind, he was rational with the choices he made. When it comes down to it, Creon was just trying to represent the position of the king. Unfortunately, his greed overcame his responsibility of the throne. His power against everyone else in Thebes proved to be significant when he sentenced Antigone. After the events that happened, he was still so stubborn to turn back. At the very end of this play, Creon finally realized his wrong doings and he said, I was the fool, not you. And you died for me.(Scene 5, line 92) Both his stubbornness and his power broke down and we saw the real Creon. Characters like this in Greek literature are important because the form the plot, the conflict, and the resolution. Without the Creons in plays, there would not be any tragedy or any thing to resolve at the end.

Barney Vs. Sesame Street :: essays research papers

Barney Vs. Sesame Street Sesame Street and Barney The Dinosaur are two popular educational shows for children. Are they really teaching kids with the right techniques? Are they teaching kids anything at all? It's a battle to see which is better: Barney or Sesame Street. Sesame Street and Barney have totally different teaching techniques. Sesame Street captivates the audience with high joltage and fast scenes. The child barely understands what is going on and when they understand that scene, it's over and the next scene is almost done. The child does not learn well under these circumstances. Barney does not have the same JPM as Sesame Street but it still attracts the audiences' attention. The show is slower and more understandable than Sesame Street. Barney focuses on one topic for every show. The one that I watched, entitled "Up We Go", was about flying. You learn about kites, birds, planes and more. You get more out of the show than if it was about many topics like Sesame Street. The one we saw had many topics like eating healthy, dental hygiene, the airport and more. The child can have an overload of ideas for one day and get all mixed up. Both Barney and Sesame Street have songs in them. I found that Barney had many more songs than Sesame Street. The songs are used as jolts and they work well in getting the attention of the child. I found that the Barney songs were much catchier than the Sesame Street songs. They were slower, and other than the dancing, there was not much else happening. On Sesame Street, the background was changing, things were flying and colors were jumping. The attention was not put on the song by the kids, it was put on the actions on the screen. Barney, like Sesame Park, showed minimal biases regarding sex and race. The cast consisted of three boys and three girls. One boy was disabled but was as able as the other kids. The races on the show were mixed. They consisted of a Latino boy, a Chinese girl, an African-American girl and more. On Sesame Street there was less of a mix of races. They just had the primary races of the United States like African-Americans and Latinos. While watching Barney, I noticed that a main focus was imagination and

Why Death Is Better Than Life in Prison?

Life in prison. When you look at the death penalty system in action, you realize that the only purpose it serves is retribution or revenge, it is seriously (and intrinsically) flawed in application and that there is a serious and continuing risk of executing innocent people. And, it costs much more than life in prison. Here are some facts about the death penalty system. While these refer to the system in the United States, similar things would apply to other nations as well. 130 people on death rows have been released with proof that they were wrongfully convicted. DNA, available in less than 10% of all homicides, can’t guarantee we won’t execute innocent people. If someone is convicted and later found innocent you can release him from prison, but not from the grave. The death penalty doesn't prevent others from committing murder. No reliable study shows the death penalty deters others. Homicide rates are higher in states and regions that have it than in those that don’t. Life without parole, on the books in 48 states, also prevents reoffending. It means what it says, and spending 23 of 24 hours a day locked in a tiny cell is not a picnic. Life without parole costs less than the death penalty. The death penalty is much more expensive than life in prison, mostly because of the upfront costs of legal process which is supposed to prevent executions of innocent people. (upfront=before and during the initial trial) The death penalty isn't reserved for the worst crimes, but for defendants with the worst lawyers. It doesn't apply to people with money. When is the last time a wealthy person was on death row, let alone executed? Families of murder victims are not unanimous about the death penalty. However, even families who have supported the death penalty in principal have testified that the drawn-out death penalty process is painful for them and that life without parole is an appropriate alternative. Problems with speeding up the process. Over 50 of the innocent people released from death row had already served over a decade. Speed up the process and we will execute innocent people. Sources: Death Penalty Information Center, www. deathpenaltyinfo. org, for stats on executions, reports on costs, deterrence studies, links to FBI crime stats and links to testimony (at state legislatures) of victims' family members.

Politics/Amendment Essay

A written overview of the amendment in question. What does it say specifically?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Sixth Amendment of the United States Constitution provides, â€Å"In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence† (Sixth Amendment, U.S. Constitution). The rights enumerated under this amendment refer to the codified rights of the accused in criminal prosecutions. Generally the Bill of Rights was incorporated in the Constitution on account of the belief that it was necessary to limit the investigatory and prosecutorial powers of the federal government (Oxford Companion, 2005).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The rights of the accused in criminal prosecution are: â€Å"1) right to a speedy trial; 2) right to a public trial; 3) right to a trial by jury; 4) notice of the accusation; (5) right to confront the opposing witnesses; 6) right to compulsory process for obtaining favorable witnesses; and (7) the assistance of counsel or right to counsel† (Oxford Companion, 2005). The right to a speedy trial prevents oppressive incarceration before trial and ensures defense by the accused of his cause. The right to a public trial acts as a safeguard against abuse of judicial power. Moreover, it also assures the accused that he is informed of the charges against him. This is part of due process (Oxford Companion, 2005). The right to confront opposing witnesses refers to the right of the accused to cross examine said witnesses. He is also entitled to subpoena witnesses in his behalf (Oxford Companion, 2005). Finally, the accused is also entitled to be represented by counsel or a lawyer. This shall be lengthily discussed in another section of this paper. When did it become part of the Constitution?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This amendment was ratified and adopted in the Bill of Rights of the U.S. Constitution in 1791 (Oxford Companion, 2005). It was part of the first ten amendments included in the Constitution. The Bill of Rights was actually proposed by James Madison. The group known as Anti-Federalists threatened that if these rights were not included in the Constitution, their states will not ratify the new Constitution. They needed clear safeguards against the vast powers of government. After a compromise was agreed upon, the Constitution was ratified in 1789 but the Bill of Rights was incorporated later and went into effect after it was ratified on December 15, 1791 (National Archives web site, n.d.). 3. What cases have come before the Supreme Court in which this particular amendment was applied?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before the ratification of the Sixth Amendment, two statutes were enacted which in effect accorded the assistance of counsel to those accused (USGPO web site, 2005). The Judiciary Act of 1789 allowed the defendant to plead his case in a federal court either personally or by counsel. On the other hand, the Act of 1790 allowed the defendant charged with treason or other capital crime to be defended by counsel which the court will assign to him (USGPO web site, 2005). Even with the ratification of the Sixth Amendment, the right to counsel has limited application. It was only in the 1930s that the Supreme Court developed and enlarged the scope of the Sixth Amendment by virtue of jurisprudence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the case of Powell v. Alabama, the Court set aside the convictions of eight youthful offenders since the trial was conducted in a hasty manner and the defendants were not assisted by counsel. The Court further ruled that there was denial of due process considering that the right to be heard is meaningless if it did not entail the right to be heard by counsel [287 U.S. 45 (1932)]. The Court succinctly explained that even if a man is intelligent and learned he may not be skilled in the science of law and may be indicted on an erroneous charge or be convicted based on incompetent evidence. More so, the defendants who are young, indigents, illiterates and are faced with an atmosphere of hostility away from their relatives [287 U.S. 45 (1932)]. Thus, it was stressed that it is imperative to be represented by counsel and it imposes a duty upon the Court, whether requested or not to appoint and assign a counsel otherwise, it becomes tantamount to a denial of due process [287 U.S. 45 (1932)]. In the case of Johnson v. Zerbst, the Court enunciated the absolute rule of appointing counsel for all federal criminal defendants. Moreover, it ruled that a waiver of such right must be clear and cannot be presumed from silence of the defendant [304 U.S. 458 (1938)].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the case of Betts v. Brady and Progeny, the Court ruled that â€Å"the appointment of counsel is not a fundamental right essential to a fair trial† [316 U.S. 455 (1942)]. It laid down the principle that the right to be represented by counsel is not necessary in state cases involving non capital offenses except in special circumstances. This ruling was held later on after criticisms, to apply only to the incompetents such as the illiterates and retardates or to grant relief in cases of judicial abuse of power [316 U.S. 455 (1942)].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Hamilton v. Alabama, the rule was in capital cases, the Court must appoint a counsel for the defendant even without proof that defendant may be prejudiced without such appointment or even if the defendant failed to request that one be appointed as his counsel [368 U.S. 52 (1961)].The â€Å"special circumstances rule† was held to apply only in non capital offenses [368 U.S. 52 (1961)].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the cases, Moore v. Michigan, 355 U.S. 155 (1957) and Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335, 350 (1963), the Court has laid down the three categories which may be deemed as prejudicial and thus, necessitating the appointment of counsel, namely: â€Å"(1) the personal characteristics of the defendant which made it unlikely he could obtain an adequate defense of his own, (2) the technical complexity of the charges or of possible defenses to the charges, and (3) events occurring at trial that raised problems of prejudice† (USGPO web site, 2005).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The ruling of the Court in the Betts case was overturned in the landmark case of Gideon v. Wainwright.   The Court in abandoning the Betts reasoning held that the right to assistance of counsel is imperative, basic and fundamental and that the Fourteenth Amendment requires that the same be available and applicable in state courts. In 1972 this ruling was held to apply to misdemeanor and serious misdemeanor cases provided that it carried a penalty of imprisonment [Argersinger v. Hamlin, 407 U.S. 25 (1972)]. Additionally, the Gideon ruling was also held to apply to youthful offenders in juvenile delinquency litigation in the case of   In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967). What, if any connection is there between this constitutional issue and education?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The constitutional issue of the right to assistance of counsel is related to education. The study of law requires knowledge, skill and experience in trial proceedings. Even an educated and intelligent man who is not properly educated and trained in law is considered incompetent and unable to defend himself. Courts are created to punish and deprive the guilty of their liberties through imprisonment and other imposable penalties. Thus, it is imperative that if a person is charged with an offense in court he must be able to put a defense and be heard by a properly trained counsel. To deprive him of this would be tantamount to depriving him of due process and would render nugatory the basic tenets of the Bill of Rights. A person charged of an offense would need the expertise of a counsel so that he does not risk himself of being convicted even if he be innocent simply because he does not know how to establish his innocence. More so an uneducated man, a feeble minded person or an indigent. Consequently, it becomes the duty of the court to appoint counsel so that such person may not be denied due process.   References    Argersinger v. Hamlin, 407 U.S. 25 (1972) Betts v. Brady and Progeny, 316 U.S. 455 (1942) Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335, 350 (1963) Hamilton v. Alabama, 368 U.S. 52 (1961) In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967). Johnson v. Zerbst, 304 U.S. 458 (1938) Moore v. Michigan, 355 U.S. 155 (1957) National Archives and Records Administration web site. ‘Bill of rights.’ Retrieved on November 16, 2007, from http://www.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/bill_of_rights.html Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. Oxford University Press, 2005. Powell v. Alabama, 287 U.S. 45 (1932) U.S. Government Printing Office web site. ‘Sixth amendment: Rights of the accused in criminal prosecutions† 2002. Retrieved on November 16, 2007, from http://www.gpoaccess.gov/constitution/pdf2002/024.pdf

Defining a Communication Plan

Defining a Communication Plan IntroductionWhile the marketing concept has always focused on consumer needs, the practice of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) has truly provided the first major effort to truly put the customer in the centre of companies marketing activities. IMC is not only needed, but critical to marketing success, especially when designing a marketing communication plan. Many tools to can be used to identify the target market for the maximum exposure for a company such as demographics and psychographic factors and the need to formulate the segmentation of a target market.Role of research in IMCThe foundation of IMC starts with sufficient research to understand who the target market is, where they are, what they want to hear, how they want to be communicated with, and how they define a positive relationship with the organization. By focusing a consistent and appropriate message to a defined market, the furniture Olive realizes if the U.SDiversification (marketing strategy)target market is researched correctly they can break through the competitive market.Impact of STP on IMCSegmentation start by recognizing that increasingly, within the target market for a product, specific tastes, needs and demand may differ. It breaks down the total market for a product or service into individual clusters of customers. In segmentation, targeting and positioning, Olive identifies distinct subsets of their customers in the market for furniture where any subset might eventually be selected as a market target.Segmentation and targeting of the audienceThis simulation makes use of demographics. Demographics, such as; age, income and social class, upper and middle class can used to subdividing markets. Specifically, Olive finds that their target market would be based on lifestyle and psychographics. Self-Actualizes and Tightrope walkers were the best for Olive. The two groups value style and quality while being brand conscious.Positioning platform for IMCA consideration when selecting pos itioning...

Learning About C# for Beginners

Learning About C# for Beginners C# is a general purpose object-oriented programming language developed at Microsoft and released in 2002. It is similar to Java in its syntax. The purpose of C# is to precisely define a series of operations that a computer can perform to accomplish a task. Most C# operations involve manipulating numbers and text, but anything that the computer can physically do can be programmed in C#. Computers have no intelligence- they have to be told exactly what to do, and their actions are defined by the programming language you use. Once programmed, they can repeat the steps as many times as needed at high speed. Modern PCs are so fast they can count to a billion in seconds. What Can a C# Program Do? Typical programming tasks include  putting data into a database or pulling it out, displaying high-speed graphics in a game or video, controlling electronic devices attached to the PC and playing music or sound effects. You can even use it to write software to generate music or help you compose. Some developers believe that C# is too slow for games  because it is interpreted  rather than compiled. However the .NET Framework compiles the interpreted code the first time it runs. Is C# the Best Programming Language? C# is a highly ranked program language. Many computer languages are written for a specific purpose, but C# is a general purpose language with features to make programs more robust.   Unlike C and to a lesser extent Java, the screen handling in C# is excellent on both desktops and the web. In this role, C# overtook languages such as Visual Basic and Delphi. Which Computers Can Run C#? Any PC that can run the .NET Framework can run the C# programming language. Linux supports C# using the Mono C# compiler. How Do I Get Started With C#? You need a C# compiler. There are a number of commercial and free ones available. The professional version of Visual Studio can compile C# code. Mono is a free and open-source C# compiler. How Do I Begin Writing C# Applications? C# is written using a text editor. You write a computer program as a series of instructions (called statements) in a notation that looks a little like mathematical formulas. This is saved as a  text file and then compiled and linked to generate machine code which you then can run. Most applications you use on a computer were written and compiled like this, many of them in C#. Is There Plenty of C# Open Source Code? Not as much as in Java, C or C but it is starting to become popular. Unlike commercial applications, where the source code is owned by a business and never made available, open source code can be viewed and used by anyone. Its an excellent way to learn coding techniques. The Job Market for C# Programmers There are plenty of C# jobs out there, and C# has the backing of Microsoft, so is likely to be around for a while.   You could write your own games, but youd need to be artistic or need an artist friend because you also need music and sound effects. Perhaps youd prefer a career as a business software developer creating business applications or as a software engineer.

Homeless brings atrocious effects to a country Research Paper

Homeless brings atrocious effects to a country - Research Paper Example Countless research findings point out that the experience of the homeless prevents the physical, psychological, social, and behavioral development of a person (Hovington-Neville 2012). When a large portion of a country’s population is residing without a permanent, house, several stressors can be especially detrimental to the country’s economic status and social well-being. The following paper discusses and analyzes the adverse effects of homelessness in the United States from an individual and holistic point of view. Homelessness brings atrocious effects to a country from a social, health, and economic point of view. Homelessness affects a country socially in terms of picking up the expense of basic needs and services. Among the basic needs are social isolation, premature pregnancies, and the mental wellbeing of children. Paying for these services is the role of the government, and the higher the cost is, the more the country’s budget and focus on infrastructure is affected negatively (Dennis 105). Since the homeless often undergo numerous kinds of social isolation, the solution out of this isolation is not direct. Social isolation is unacceptable in terms of human liberties, especially in a wealthy country like the United States. Unplanned pregnancies by the homeless mean an entire new generation will be born into the homeless population, thereby making the social impact of this problem less solvable. The damage occurs when the child lacks food, proper physical and emotional care, and standard education. Reason One-The harm caused the lack of food also brings about an extreme form of social isolation. Homelessness is a strong sign of social unfairness in any country (Smith 44). Most people become isolated when their economic incapacitation restricts or fully inhibits their opportunity to partake in the mainstream community. Isolation happens when the mainstream community

Assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Assignment 2 - Essay Example A very good example for this is how manufacturers design the specification of the newer models that are launched in the market. Another result of the global recession is the overwhelming increase of prices of materials used for production in the automobile manufacturing industry. Because of this, production cost for automobiles went up, which resulted to higher capital cost for automobiles. Consumers are not in the mood or rather refraining in engaging in big-ticket purchases, which resulted to low generation of revenue through sales (Crescenzi 2008 p.193). Major automobile manufacturers are now focusing and concentrating in the features and benefits of each model. Since automobile sales have been decreasing drastically over the past year, this proves that the market has lost its capability to buy. And if they could, they become more cautious and concerned about the automobile’s features and the benefits they can get from the automobile. Considering that transportation is one of the most important aspects in everyday life, not only with businesses but households as well, the automobile industry has taken advantage of this aspect to generate demand of supply in the market. This is one strategy to somehow level the ratio of market demand against production and automobile sales. The global recession’s effect in businesses and households is mainly on the income and revenue side. Since prices of petroleum products drastically went high numerous times in the world market these past few months, the need of maximizing revenue and funds against businesses and household expenditures for transportation and automobile maintenance was addressed by upgrading and innovating new automobile features. Engines that are low in maintenance and low fuel consumption had been a recent addition to the newer models that was launched in the market. Non-price competition is a form of traditional automobile market competition that was further inspired by the decrease of

Risk of Derivatives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Risk of Derivatives - Essay Example Derivatives are either traded in stock markets or can be quickly made or created through any financial institution (including banks). Derivatives are widely used these days by corporate entities and other users in order to manage and control the risks associated with financial transactions and to limit the risks of changes in rates of commodities, interest rates, market conditions, or foreign currency rates. Derivatives can occur in many forms and types â€Å"including futures, forwards, swaps, options, structured debt obligations, and deposits,† (Comptroller of the Currency Administrator of National Banks, 1997, p. 1). These financial instruments produce many risks for the users and both the parties involved (that is, the drawer and the drawee of the derivative contracts). Some of the dangers include the risk of change in the price of the derivative itself, a change in interest rates, and a change in foreign exchange rates, if applicable, to name only a few. In this paper, the manageability of risks of derivatives, as per the given text, is discussed and evaluated. The ideas of Thomas A. Bass, who considers that the risks of derivatives are manageable are compared and evaluated with the ideas presented by Justin Welby who argues that the risks of derivatives are not controllable. The management of risks associated with the use of derivatives and the ideas and conclusions of two authors, Bass and Welby, were discussed. In his article, â€Å"The Ethics of Derivatives and Risk Management,† Welby’s view was that the vast use of derivatives in the financial markets these days in order to reduce certain financial risks and control them is itself quite dangerous. However, the risks associated with the derivatives are quite doable with the help of implementing ethical investment policies, including transparency, governance, and so forth. He believed that derivatives are those financial instruments that can be used to â€Å"alter the risk profiles† rather

International Business Essay Example for Free

International Business Essay 1. Summarize the globalization debate. What are the major interest groups in the world economy? How are they affected by different elements of globalization? 2. Who benefits and who loses from a shift in jobs to low-wage economies? Consider this question from the perspective of consumers, labour, technological change, firms, nation-states. Are the net benefits likely to be positive? 3. Identify and evaluate the sources of conflict between pressures on companies to operate globally and the desire of governments to regulate companies and activities within their borders. 4. Account for the existence of counter trade in the world economy and explore the view that its influence will continue as a solution to the problem developing countries face when attempting to export to western markets? 5. Analyze the likely impact on domestic markets of import restrictions via tariffs and quotas respectively. Discuss the dynamic side effects that can arise from import protection. 6. In the light of the strategic significance of price discrimination between cross-border markets to firms, evaluate the merits of anti-dumping measures. 7. Outline the static and dynamic effects of a customs union and explain why regional integration blocs composed of small economies are unlikely to be economically beneficial. 8. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the joint venture over licensing as a foreign market entry mode. Describe scenarios when licensing might be the preferable one of the two entry modes. 9. International franchising is often regarded as a low-risk foreign market entry strategy. Does this view fully reflect the attraction of international franchising as a market entry mode? 10. Under what circumstances would a BOT system make sense as an international marketing strategy?

Employment Law Essay examples -- Law

Introduction In many countries the state’s role in employment relations is not something that can be ignored. The state, which is characterized by a set of institutions made of the executive, legislature, the judiciary, the local government and the police, is a system of political domination that exercises power with the legitimate usage of violence, money supply and taxation. The presence of the state in any aspect of life of its citizens is pervasive, whether it is through macroeconomic policies or its role as an employer or even through legislation. In the capitalist world we live in today the state cannot be left out in any aspect pertaining to its citizens. The state (government) is applying policies on the basis that other participants in the employment relations system (employers and the trade unions) cannot manage to take control of all the aspects involved in the work system (Palmer, 2007). Since the federal elections of 2004, the policy of industrial relations issue has been all over. The competing goals of the employees and employers are evident through the trade unions and third parties. The managements’ objectives are paramount with regards to market efficiency with limited space for other interests. Therefore, curtailing trade unions’ activities and setting tribunals to regulate conditions and wages in the name of free markets is increasing. The states talks of advocating for democracy, having limited interventions s as to bring about industrial harmony in certain sectors of the economy, but in practice it has intervened in almost all the sectors of the economy (Adams, 200 ). This therefore begs the question, should the state play an intervening role in employment relations, and if so, to what extent and why? .. ...the sectoral and national interests are integrated to increase productivity. The collective bargaining system should also be independent to develop a more equitable and balanced tripartite relationship (Adams, 2001). Works Cited Adams, J. (2001) .Comparative Industrial Relations: Contemporary Research and Theory. London: Harper CollinsAcademic. Creighton, B. & Stewart, A. (2005). Labour Law. Annandale: The Federation Press. Dunlop, T. (1998). Industrial Relation Stystem.New York: Holt. Keller, K. (2001). The Role of the State as Corporate Actor in Comparative Industrial Relations: Contemporary Research and Theory. London: Harper Collins Academic. Ozaki, M. (1999). Negotiating flexibility: the role of the social partners and the state. London: international Labour Organization. Palmer, G. (2007). Employment Relations. New York: Macmillan Education.

Nutrition †Fast food Essay

Many people eat fast foods because they are cheap, tasty, and convenient. But do people know what fast foods are made from? Is it healthy to eat fast foods everyday? Do fast food companies really fool their customers? In the essay â€Å"The Big Fat Case Against Big Macs,† Ellen Goodman doubts that the best lawyers can prove that fast food companies, like McDonald’s and Burger King, are the causes that make many people become overweight and have health problems, but they can prove that fast food companies fooled their consumers, especially young kids. For example, McDonald’s uses toys as attractions to make kids buy its meals. She also states that fast food companies put slogans to make kids think that eating their â€Å"Big Kids Meal† will make them grow up faster. She also doubts that fast foods have nothing to do with the health problems because why would McDonald’s in France take out an ad telling parents that kids should not eat more than one hamburger in a week. She believes that many people become overweight and have health problems not just because of the fast food companies. Instead of blaming fast food companies, people should blame their sedentary lifestyles. Many people think that fast food companies fooled their customers, young kids, by selling their meals that come with toys. Selling food with toys does not mean fooling people. Well, is there any law that forbids people from selling food with toys? That is how people do business; they just want to get more profits from selling food with toys. Fast food companies don’t force people to buy their products, it’s our own choice. If the toys are the reasons why kids keep buying the meals, why don’t just parents take their kids to toys stores and buy a toy there? We can’t say that fast food companies fooled kids. Well, maybe in some cases they do fool kids, like in the part where they put slogans on their meals that say: â€Å"Do you want to be a Big Kid ? † Kids don’t have any idea about fast foods. The first thing that comes to their minds is that they have to eat this foods to get big ,and kids will just keep eating this foods, while parents keep telling their kids to be strong and big. Fast foods are made from some ingredients that are not healthy. Believe it or not, eating a lot of fast foods is not good for our bodies. In fact many people believe that fast foods are usually high in fat, calories, and cholesterol, which can lead to health problems like high blood pressure, and heart disease. For example, a friend of mine likes to eat fast foods such as McDonald’s. He eats McDonald’s three times a week, and now he has a high blood pressure. He needs to check his blood pressure once a week, so that he can maintain it. Fast foods are not healthy, so try not to eat fast food as much as you can or you will regret it. Ellen Goodman believes that there is no different between eating fast foods and eating slow foods. In this case, slow foods mean foods that are good, clean, and fair. She is right about that. People will get fat from eating both, fast foods and slow foods, and she also thinks that many people become overweight not just because of the fast food companies. Once again, she is right about that. Many people usually blame fast food companies when they become overweight. But the truth is fast food companies don’t make people fat, we are the one who makes ourselves fat. Let’s take an example, how many people do you think will sit down and watch a television after they eat? Probably almost all of them right? Well, instead of sitting down and watch a television, they could walk at park to burn their calories. The point is people won’t get fat if they do a lot of exercises. There are a lot of bad rumors about fast foods, like fast foods are not healthy and can make people fat, and fast food companies fooled their customers. Maybe some of the rumors are true and some of them are false. For examples, it is true that fast foods are not healthy for our bodies and it is false that fast food companies fooled their customers. As the conclusion, there are both good sides and bad sides about fast foods.

History of American Highways Essay

Highways are very important in every country, in every place. It is often termed as the sign of civilization or development of a place. That is undeniably true because a good highway or road system of a certain place means that the government, may it is local or national, have the resources to put up nice highways and national roads. It also signifies that a place is a place where many people are going. It means that there is something there that needs to have a nice highway. Most people want a very nice highway to drive to. They hate those bumpy roads because they find it annoying. That is why the government of every country makes the construction of highways as one of their priorities. Good highways are also beneficial for trade and industry because it attracts investors. There is development in the economy if the highways or roads are well furnished. People, especially investors always look at the means of access to a specific place. So it is a big factor if the highways are good and not. Through the years highways in almost every country serve as the cultivator of culture and development. There are numerous highways hat became historical because of its contribution to our society. But there are things that should be factored in whenever there is a highway or road that needs to be built. There are the environmental issues because it is a very big factor to consider the locale of the highway. More often than not, people forget the convenience highways could bring. An example is that, like what I have mentioned earlier there could be a boost in the economy because the easy access to a place attracts a lot of investors, not to mention that there will emerge some small businesses that would cater to the needs of the travelers who have traveled very far just to do to wherever their destination is. United States of America is one of the developed countries. It can be seen that the highways in this country is very well put up. In this country, you can find the almost never-ending highways that connect almost every city. The access from one place to another is a bit easy because of the highways. There are songs that were composed which are inspired by the highways. The motorists or travelers find so much fun in traveling that they do not mind the long travelers because in the first place they find comfort in it because they are not faced with bumpy roads. Indeed, through the years, every highway in the US has contributed a lot in the lives of every people and to the country itself. History of the Highway System in United States The US Highway System is considered as the first nationwide network of number system in the world. It is an essential part of the American history in the 20th Century because it inspired a lot of things from different perspective. Is inspired the composition of new songs, shows in the television, and the creation of motels and fast food restaurant. It is also considered as one of the components that US is really a country which innovate to make impossible things possible because it made the access to one State to another easy. It is also a factor in the development of the roads in California to be world class. Through the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1925, the US Highway System was born. It is the answer to the unorganized creation of almost 250 named highways. Through this Act, the road that were considered insignificant before were transformed into roads that would connect every city making a long stretch of highways or roads. But the numbering of highway system has raised a lot of issues because many people disagree on the idea because it will make the highways cold and impersonal. But the government did not stop, they assigned the American Association of State Highway Officials or AASHO which is now AASHTO to handle the system. Highways That Gave Impact to America Highway is a term often used to address major roads which are used for travel by every people going to wherever they would go. Its designs are different and it may have the characteristics of freeways and motorways. It could also be characterized with two-lane, shoulder less road. It is the US which has the biggest network of national highways that include Interstate Highways and the Numbered Highways. It is present in all State which also connects almost all cities. There are different terms that denote highways such as but not limited to autobahn, auto route, expressway, freeway, and motorway. But these terms are different depending on the country or region. The term highway could have a lot of meaning. In US highway could be characterized by an important high-speed with limited-access road that is a connector of major cities, or it could be any road. The Pan-American Highway is considered as the longest international highway, and the largest national highway system can be found in the US as well as the widest highway which is in Houston Texas, the Katy Freeway a part of Interstate 10. Other highways that gave a lot of impact to America are Route 66, National Road, Lincoln Highway, and Highway 41. The Lincoln Highway is considered as one of the roads or highways that contributed in the development of the Interstate Highways. It is the first transcontinental highway and also considered as the ancestor and model of other numbered highways. It is symbolized by ‘Good Roads’ which is the basis for the rallyists then to fight for the highway system. It is considered as the first successful highway that can be rallied on at any weather from coasts to coasts. It is the subject that fuelled the awareness of American people that the government should build highways and they should fund the development. In 1920, the Lincoln Highway just became another road because there are other transcontinental highways that were built. The funding from the government became easily granted as well. But the fact will never be forgotten – the Lincoln Highway was the venue for the celebrated caravan of the Army in 1919, it is were cross-country racers achieved their records that made them famous, there were songs and poems written pertaining to the road, at the end of the highway there you can find the banners of every hotels, restaurants, and the like. Other highway that impacted America is the US Route 66 which is also called Route 66, The Main Street of America, The Mother Road, Will Rogers Highway among others. It is part of the US Highway System which connects Chicago, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California. It is the main path of every migrant who were going to the west especially during the height of Dust Bowl in 1930s. The highway attained much popularity that people have fought for its preservation. But in 1956 it has reached its end because of the then President Dwight Eisenhower’s Interstate Highway Act. One of the remaining parts of Route 66 is the Veterans Parkway.

Free Essays on Difference Between New England And The Chesapeake Region

By 1700, New England and the Chesapeake region had developed into two very distinct societies. They had a variety of differences that caused them to become separate settlements, even though they were both settled by those of English origin. These differences included their purpose, their economy, the geography, and demographics. The English’s purpose of coming to the New World had a major impact on the separation of the settlements. Those who chose to come to New England came for freedom of religion. They had a strict code of morality, were organized, and came to stay. They believed in self reliance and independence, which resulted in the Mayflower Compact. In these New England colonies, religion/Puritanism was so important that the number one priority for the settlers at Springfield was finding a minister. (Document D) The colonies intended to be a â€Å"city on a hill†, a beacon of Christian hope to the world. (Document A) Those who came to the Chesapeake region had a more temporary plan. They didn’t come for religion, but for the desire of money. They came over to gain profit, with plans to go back to England once they had enough of it. To some, it was all about getting gold, as expressed in Document F. These settlers were very poorly organized. They were also tolerant when it came to religion, so there were a variety of religions there. The differences between the two societies in their purpose of coming to the New World affected the separation of them. The people would not be able to work together as one colony because they were there for different reasons. The two colonies were also very different by their economic system. The settlers in New England tended to put religion over economics. They believed that the tradesmen and laborers should consider the ‘religious end of their callings’ so that they may serve God and their neighbors with their arts and trades comfortably. ( Document E) In New England a lot of people m... Free Essays on Difference Between New England And The Chesapeake Region Free Essays on Difference Between New England And The Chesapeake Region By 1700, New England and the Chesapeake region had developed into two very distinct societies. They had a variety of differences that caused them to become separate settlements, even though they were both settled by those of English origin. These differences included their purpose, their economy, the geography, and demographics. The English’s purpose of coming to the New World had a major impact on the separation of the settlements. Those who chose to come to New England came for freedom of religion. They had a strict code of morality, were organized, and came to stay. They believed in self reliance and independence, which resulted in the Mayflower Compact. In these New England colonies, religion/Puritanism was so important that the number one priority for the settlers at Springfield was finding a minister. (Document D) The colonies intended to be a â€Å"city on a hill†, a beacon of Christian hope to the world. (Document A) Those who came to the Chesapeake region had a more temporary plan. They didn’t come for religion, but for the desire of money. They came over to gain profit, with plans to go back to England once they had enough of it. To some, it was all about getting gold, as expressed in Document F. These settlers were very poorly organized. They were also tolerant when it came to religion, so there were a variety of religions there. The differences between the two societies in their purpose of coming to the New World affected the separation of them. The people would not be able to work together as one colony because they were there for different reasons. The two colonies were also very different by their economic system. The settlers in New England tended to put religion over economics. They believed that the tradesmen and laborers should consider the ‘religious end of their callings’ so that they may serve God and their neighbors with their arts and trades comfortably. ( Document E) In New England a lot of people m...

Metaphor, Metonymy and Vioce Essays

Metaphor, Metonymy and Vioce Essays Metaphor, Metonymy and Vioce Paper Metaphor, Metonymy and Vioce Paper Barbara Johnson’s critique focuses on the metaphoric, metonymic and voice in Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston. It focuses on the major character, Janie Crawford’s inner and outer change towards her various relationships. She focuses on the strengths, both vocally and physically, gained after her first slap down by her second husband, Joe Starks. Barbara Johnson focuses on the metaphoric meaning of this transformation which was defined as the substitution based on the resemblance or analogy and then she goes on to the metonymic meaning which she defines as the basis of a relation or association other than that similarity. Paul De Man, a deconstructionist literary critic and theorist, provides a brief summary stating the preference for the metaphor over metonymy by aligning analogy with necessity and contiguity with chance. According to him, â€Å"’the element of truth’ is the product of a purely rhetorical and ultimately metonymical, sleight of hand, therefore over turning the traditional hierarchy and deconstructing the very basis for the seductiveness and privilege of metaphor. † Barbara Johnson pays keen and strict attention to a specific passage in her critique and she also focuses on its figurative structure. She speaks on Janie’s crucial turning point in relation to Joe and herself. She begins to speak out, defending herself, gaining a â€Å"voice† for her inner self. These scenes put Janie to think about the inside state of her marriage. Janie was not about to be completely submissive to Joe without her voice being heard. Gradually, Janie â€Å"pressed her teeth together† and learnt to hush and the spirit of a happy ending marriage left the bedroom and moved to the parlor. Johnson stated that â€Å"the bed was no longer a daisy-field for her and Joe to play in but it was now transformed into a place where she went and laid down when she was sleepy and tired. † The relationship had suddenly adapted a change as Janie gained a â€Å"voice†. It took a shattered image of Joe, as stated by Johnson, for Janie to see that it was never the flesh and blood figure of her dream. Just something she had grabbed up to drape her dreams over. According to the critique, â€Å"she had no more blossomy openings dusting pollen over her man, neither any glistening young fruit where petals used to be. She found that she had a host of thoughts she never expressed to him and numerous emotions she had let Joe know about†¦. an outside now and suddenly she knew not to mix them†(taken from page 48 of the critique). Barbara views the paragraph as an externalization of Janie’s feelings onto the outer surroundings in the form of a narrative of movement from private to public space. While the whole of the figure relates metaphorically, analogically, to the marital situation it is designed to express, it reveals the marriage space to be metonymical, a movement through a series of contiguous rooms. It is a narrative not of union but of separation centered on an image not of conjugality but of virginity. In Janie, there was still a search for her â€Å"voice†. When she realizes that the inner and outer are never the same, she paradoxically begins to speak. Janie’s acquisition of the power to speak allows the reader to sympathize or relate with Janie as she develops her voice and acquires strength to defend her opinions. It must be remembered that the maintenance of sides, metaphor and metonymy (inside and outside), is the very possibility of speaking at all. The reduction of a course to oneness, identity as it relates to Janie, the reduction of woman to mayor’s wife, has as its necessary consequence aphasia, silence, the loss of the ability to speak. Stretching far beyond Janie’s new wholeness or identity as a character, her increasing ability to speak grows out of her ability not to mix inside with outside, not to pretend that there is no differenc3, but simply to assume and articulate the incompatible forces involved in her own division. The sign of an authentic voice is this not self-identity but self-difference. Barbara Johnson speaks of how the women’s voices have attained inferiority as it relates to the situation of Janie’s acquisition of her inner and outer voice. Her opinionated statements were shut down by Joe. Johnson then mentions Auerbach’s urge to unify and simplify is an urge to re-subsume female difference under the category of the universal, which has always been obscurely male. The random, trivial and marginal will simply be added to the list of things all men have in common. Auerbach’s then calls for unification and simplification in the province of the white. If the woman’s voice must be incorporate and articulate division and self-difference, so too has Afro-American literature always had to assume its double-voicedness. Johnson concludes her critique with a brief synopsis of Zora Neale Hurston’s main imitative into writing Their Eyes Were Watching God. She explains that according to her, â€Å"there is no message, no theme, no thought; the full range of questions and experiences of Janie’s life are invisible to a mind steeped in maleness as Ellison’s Invisible Man is to minds steeped in whiteness. Barbara Johnson, Metaphor, Metonymy and Voice in Their Eyes Were Watching God

ACT Exact Start Time and End Time

ACT Exact Start Time and End Time SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In addition to all your ACT studying, you need to prepare for test day. When exactly does the ACT start? What time will you hand in your scantron sheet, gather your arsenal of No. 2 pencils, and leave the test center? Is timing the same for all students, or does it vary by location? This guide will go over the exact start and end time of the ACT so you can plan your Saturday morning. Assuming you haven't arranged an alternative testing date or other accommodations, what time do you need to arrive? ACT Test Day: When Do You Need to Arrive? You must be in the test center by 8:00 am at the very latest. Test administrators are strict about denying entrance to latecomers. Since students are usually admitted at 7:45 am, you should really aim to arrive between 7:30 and 7:45 am. There's often a line of students waiting outside, so it's definitely a good idea to get there earlier than 7:45. You'll check in with your admission ticket and ID and find your room. Seats are assigned, but first you might have to store your bag and snacks somewhere outside of the testing room. Once everyone is checked in and seated, the proctor will pass out the test booklets and scantrons. She'll give you instructions about how to fill out your personal details and take the ACT. All of this takes about 30 minutes to an hour,depending on how many students there are and how long it takes everyone to get settled in. Although you'll arrive to the test center by 7:45, you'll actually start taking the ACT between 8:30 and 9:00.From the point you start in on your first English question, how long does the exam take? How Long Is the ACT? Added together, the four multiple-choice sections of the ACT (English,Math,Reading, andScience) take a total of two hours and 55 minutes. With the 40-minute optional Writing section, this time increases to threehours and 35 minutes. Here is an overview of the time you'll get on each ACT section (including breaks). I've also included exact start and end times (with the assumption that the test starts at 8:30 am). ACT Section Total Time Start Time End Time English 45 mins 8:30 am 9:15am Math 60 mins 9:15am 10:15am Break 10 mins 10:15am 10:25am Reading 35 mins 10:25am :00am Science 35 mins :00am :35am Break (some students leave) 5 mins :35am :40am Writing (optional) 40 mins :40am 12:20 pm TOTAL 3 hrs 5 mins (w/out Writing) 3 hrs 50 mins (w/ Writing) - - Besides the four sections, you'll get a 10-minute break. This break is always after Math and before Reading. If you're taking the ACT with Writing, you'll also get a five-minute break first. If not, this is when you'll hand in your test and leave the testing center. On rare occasions, some students might be asked to take an extra fifth section (lucky them). This section will come at the end of the test. Don't worry- it won't be scored. It's just used to test out material for future ACTs. The questions could be multiple choice or student-produced responses. In the past, this section has been just 16 minutes long. Typically, without this rare extra section, the ACT is threehours and five minutes or three hours and 50 minutes(with the Writing section and breaks). Apart from a slight variation in start time to get everyone checked in, though, are there any other differences in how long the test takes at different test centers? Are There Any Variations in the ACT Schedule? The ACT should be three hours and five minutes or three hours and 50 minutes across the board. Since it's a globally administered admissions test, test-taking conditions should be standard for all students. The only exception involves accommodations for extended time or Special Testing. Other slight variations in the ACT schedule might occur if a proctor isn't strict with break time, or if students take extra time to return to the test room. There could also be a delay if a proctor has to dismiss a student from the testing room, although she might wait until the test is over to deal with an issue so as not to interrupt everyone else. Generally speaking, everyone taking the ACT will get the same amount of time. Because of this, you can know what to expect for your Saturday morning schedule and when to arrange to be dropped off and picked up. When Will You Leave the ACT Testing Center? Students taking the ACT are generally dismissed around 12:15 pm, and those taking the ACT with Writing are dismissed around 1:15 pm. Beyond the test, it takes a few minutes for the proctors to collect everyone's tests and for the students to gather their belongings and leave. The proctor will dismiss everyone, and you'll be all done and free to go. The ACT is a time-intensive, pressure-packed test for most students. Besides arranging your pick-up and drop-off times and knowing what to expect, though, is there anything else you can do to prepare for ACT test day? How to Plan Your ACT Test Day Schedule The ACT is already stressful as it is- you don't want to add to your stress by running late or feeling clueless on test day. Instead, you should familiarize yourself with exactly what's coming and have a plan for those things that are in your control,such as your schedule. You don't want to be rushing and diving through doors just before they close. That would just distract you, create anxiety, and be no fun for anyone. Therefore, leave early and give yourself plenty of time to arrive at the test center by 7:30 am- 7:45 at the latest. Pack your bag the night before with everything you need, such as No. 2 pencils and an approved calculator. Go to bed early, and eat a nutritious breakfast that will fuel your test-taking for the next few hours. Bringing a snack and water for the break is a good idea, too. Don't underestimate the effects your physical state can have on your mental clarity! After all, who can focus on trigonometry problems when their stomach is rumbling for everyone to hear? Staying energized and hydrated, as well as taking advantage of your break time to move around out of your desk,will be refreshing and help you reset before diving into the challenging Reading section. Put simply, prepare yourself so the morning of your test goes as smoothly as possible. Bring everything you need and know your exact testing schedule. Then by 12:15 or 1:15 pm, you'll be all finished and ready to celebrate completing the ACT! What's Next? Do you feel pressed for time on the ACT? Are you worried about getting to all the questions? Learn our expert strategies for how to stop running out of time on ACT Reading andACT Math. Did you know that more recent ACT practice tests are better representations of what you'll get on test day, while the older ones are a little too easy? At least, that's what test experts say. Read here about whether or not the ACT has been getting harder in the past few years. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points?We have the industry's leading ACT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and ACT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today: