Thursday, December 26, 2019

Gender Stereotypes Throughout History - 1230 Words

ENG3U-04 Evolution of Female Concerns Women have fought for their equality between men throughout history. Women have fought for their right to vote, the right to receive education and more. Now in modern society, women legally possess equal rights as men. However, there is another huge wall women have to climb over; society’s gender norms and expectation. Gender norms and expectations are culturally constructed in a way that has historically been to the detriment of women; even though women have made significant advancements in sport, in the home and in the workplace, they still have to deal with limitations that are left over from previous gender expectations and assumptions that have held back women in the past. This contention is†¦show more content†¦These facts clearly display that women are far less likely to obtain jobs or positions with high pay. Naturally today, female workers in average only make three quarter of the salary of men. Low pay restricts women from being independent from men, making them powerless. Situations have changed, and now women in marriage are also allowed to work. Occupying jobs enable women to feel strong and independent but at the same time, it changes their relationships with theirShow MoreRelatedImagery Throughout History Has Been A Big Factor In Creating1389 Words   |  6 PagesImagery throughout history has been a big factor in creating social norms and acts as a site of conflict. Throughout time, we have used art pieces such as stories, mythology, paintings and movies as a way of conflict, to get a point across, or to tell a story. A big theme presented over time has been the ideologies of women and their role. Through time, we are able to see the way in which the roles of a female has been continuously constructed and reconstructed over and over again. This paper willRead MoreGender Role Controversy826 Words   |  4 PagesGender can be defined in many different ways based on the opinions of the person you are asking. To me, I believe gender refers to the b ehaviors and roles that our society deems appropriate for men and women. Although gender roles have changed over time and males and females have become more equal, a certain stereotype of behaviors and tasks which are acceptable for men and women still exists today. For example, cooking and cleaning, home repairs, and being the ‘breadwinner† in the family are allRead MoreIntersectionality Essay853 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding of US womxy’s history. The term reflects to the reality that we all have multiple identities that intersect to make us who we are. The concept of feminism doesn’t just include activism for womens rights but for the rights of all sexes and identities (Bell hooks). Feminism is a political and social movement used to unify all identities. In order to truly understand feminism intersectionality you must take all pathologies into consideration. Within settler colonialism, Gender self determinationRead MoreGender Roles Of Women And Women1662 Words   |  7 Pages Gender Roles â€Å"Gender is the costume, a mask, a straightjacket in which men and women dance their unequal dance† (Kearl). Throughout history, women have been treated with unequal and unjust standards in comparison to their male counterparts. This paper will discuss gender roles in society and the stereotypes placed on men and women. As well as gender role development and the different influences that lead to these roles and stereotypes. Also, it will outline the history and progress of women’sRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Women s Equality And Empowerment993 Words   |  4 PagesOne fundamental way in which technology is often expressed in any society is through gender. The relationship between technology and gender has been theorized through decades due to the fact that the social struggles for equality between men and women are a contemporary topical issue. Lately, there has been an increase in the strength of the women’s movement advocating matters on women†™s equality and empowerment. Amongst these issues is women’s invisibility in all aspects of technology. Some individualsRead MoreI Am So Sick Of Hearing, By Simone De Beauvoir905 Words   |  4 Pagesbe tolerant of all races, religions, and genders.† Yet, this claim blatantly avoids many of issues at hand. French author Simone de Beauvoir states, â€Å"the reason for [the gender inequality] is that women lack concrete means for organization themselves into a unit† (257). I deeply agree with Beauvoir claim that many of women’s inequalities could be combated with greater organization, but the burden does not simply lay on the women. Men throughout all of history are responsible for perpetuating the ideologyRead MoreGender Equality And Women s Rights1274 Words   |  6 Pages Women in the world still face discrimination and gender equality takes action to achieve women’s rights. AAUW provides and gives women the chance to have an education, while Catalyst reaches out to women to carry out equal pay, equal participation in the workplace, and remove discrimination. UN Women attains to human rights for women. Throughout history women have fought for gender equality in the workplace and in education, and every year organizations like AAUW, Catalyst, and UN Women haveRead MoreGender Roles Of The Film Industry1228 Words   |  5 PagesThe film industry has created the conventional gender roles of society into their movies. A majority of films have supported some of the male and female stereotypes. In the history of the film industry, the role of men is primarily that of the stereotypical working class man or hero, while the roles of women are primarily portrayed as being somewhat inferior to men. In the 1930s through the 1970s, men held the leading roles in films while women played smaller roles. In terms of jobs, women wereRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1701 Words   |  7 PagesGender has had a repeating effect on the choice of careers for people all throughout the United States. In history, it is taught that males dominated women in many careers, while women dominated males in only a few other minor positions. Males had an upper hand over women in engineering and in the military. One of the reasons males dominated was the idea of dominance over women has been passed down for centuries. It was never common for a women to be an engineer of a home or anything that wasn’tRead MoreToys as Role Models1114 Words   |  5 PagesToys as Role Models Judy Attfield, who holds a PhD in history and design, has written numerous articles in relation to design history. Her articles, often written in a formal and informative style, concentrate on parenting and family issues. Citing the differences in the maneuverability designs of Barbie and Action Man, which embody the stereotypical clichà © of feminine passivity and masculine activity respectively, â€Å"Barbie and Action Man: Adult toys for girls and boys, 1959-93† (P. Kirkham (Ed

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Synthesis of T-Pentyl Chloride Essay - 954 Words

Exp 23 B Synthesis of t-Pentyl Chloride 11-8-12 Purpose: The sysnthesis of t-Pentyl Chloride from alcohol. Procedure: Preparation of t-Pentyl Chloride. In a 125-mL separatory funnel, place 10.0 mL of t-pentyl alcohol (2-methyl-2-butanol, MW _ 88.2, d _ 0.805 g/mL) and 25 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid (d _ 1.18 g/mL). Do not stopper the funnel. Gently swirl the mixture in the separatory funnel for about 1 minute. After this period of swirling, stopper the separatory funnel and carefully invert it. Without shaking the separatory funnel, immediately open the stopcock to release the pressure. Close the stopcock, shake the funnel several times, and again release the pressure through the stopcock (see Technique 12, Section†¦show more content†¦Wash (swirl and shake) the organic layer with one 10-mL portion of water and again drain the lower aqueous layer. Transfer the organic layer to a small, dry Erlenmeyer flask by pouring it from the top of the separatory funnel. Dry the crude t-pentyl chloride over 1.01 g of anhydrous calcium chloride until it is clear (see Technique 12, Section 12.9) . Swirl the alkyl halide with the drying agent to aid the drying. Distillation. Transfer the clear liquid to a dry 25-mL round-bottom flask using a Pasteur pipet. Add a boiling stone and distill the crude t-pentyl chloride in a dry apparatus. Collect the pure t-pentyl chloride in a receiver cooled in ice. Collect the material that boils between 78 °C and 84 °C. Weigh the product and calculate the percentage yield. Results | Weight | Empty Erlenmeyer flask | 39.23 g | Flask with collected t-pentyl chloride | 46.61 | Discussion First thing we did in this lab was to add HCl to the t-pentyl alcohol. We did this because by adding the HCl, we are creating what we wanted, t-pentyl chloride. Then, due to the difference in density, layers will form. The top layer and less dense is the organic layer, the t-pentyl chloride and the bottom layer is the aqueous layer. The purpose of shaking vigourously is to make sure that the 2 liquids mix properly, giving us the desired product t-pentyl chloride. Then we wash the organic layer with water. T-pentyl chloride is insoluble in water, so it wont beShow MoreRelatedNucleophilic Substitution: Synthesis of N-Butyl Bromide and T-Pentyl Chloride1608 Words   |  7 PagesNucleophilic Substitution | Synthesis of n-Butyl Bromide and t-Pentyl Chloride | | Jessica | [Pick the date] | Abstract The synthesis of the alkyl halide n-Butyl Bromide from alcohol is the foundation for the experiment. During the isolation of the n-butyl bromide, the crude product is washed with sulfuric acid, water, and sodium bicarbonate to remove any remaining acid or n-butyl alcohol. The primary alkyl halide halide n-butyl bromide is prepared by allowing n-butyl alcohol to react withRead MoreT Pentyl Chloride Lab Report Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesSynthesis of t-Pentyl Chloride Introduction: Using SN1 reaction mechanism with hydrochloric acid, t-Pentyl alcohol was converted to t-Pentyl chloride in an acid catalyzed reaction. The reaction took place in a separatory funnel designed to separate immiscible liquids. The crude product was extracted by transferring a solute from one solvent to another. The process of washing the solutions by phase transfer was used in order to remove impurities from the main solvent layer. Finally, the crudeRead MoreDual ACC1 / ACC2 Inhibition9209 Words   |  37 Pagesselected for a SAR study of the effects of modifying the 3,4-pyrazole-fused moiety. Herein it was found that decreasing the bulk of the substituent at N-2 atom of the pyrazole ring (with respect to t-Bu group) similarly decreased ACC1/ACC2 inhibition. Increasing the bulkiness of this group (tert-pentyl) improved the IC50 values for both ACC1 and ACC2, but also resulted in an increase in HLM by a factor of 4, which outweighed the small inhibitory advantage. Introducing substitution at the N-1

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Review of the Death of Ryan Saunders

Question: Write about the Review of the Death of Ryan Saunders. Answer: Introduction The health care professionals should always complete their duty of care appropriately, to ensure the maximum well being of the client. Sometimes, due to failure of proper diagnosis, service users suffer a lot, which also impacts negatively upon the entire health care system. One such case of misconduct was recorded in 2007, when due to continuous misdiagnosis and delay in treatment led to an inconsolable death of a 2 years old child named Ryan Saunders (Abc.net.au, 2017). A significant lack of communication, poor handover and negligence has been revealed in several steps of care provided to Ryan. Ryan was brought to his GP, Dr. John Evans on 20th September, 2007. He diagnosed him as having mumps; instead of the fact that Ryan got the MMR vaccine from his clinic. He prescribed regular analgesia in the form of paracetamol, to help him with his pain. Ryan was advised not to attend child care until the swelling had subsided; however, the GP did not recommended follow up appointment, not contacted Ryan further (courts.qld.gov.au, 2011). Therefore, from the beginning, the GP has shown a communication gap and lack of in-depth assessment in resolving Ryans heath issues. Communication plays a significant role in nursing and medical practice. For instance, in health care practice, communication within patient-physician, patient-nurse, nurse-physician, physician-physician and nurse-nurse are key player in delivering information regarding significant patient care (Liaw et al., 2011). A significant communication gap has been identified in Ryans case. Ryans mother took him to Emerald hospital, upon witnessing his inconsolable pain at 1.00 am on Monday 24th September 2007. At this point, the nurses at Emerald hospital shown significant communication through maintaining the patients medical status report. At Emerald hospital, the physicians and nurses were unable to detect the appropriate reason for Ryans illness, but undertook immediate actions through systematic process, with no visible communication gap. Ryan arrived RBH with a great pain (courts.qld.gov.au, 2011). From the beginning at RBH, Ryan faced a significant communication gap. Instead of the provision of calling a off duty physician on emergency case, the hospital authority, i.e. Ryans paediatric consultant Dr. Roper did not took initiative to communicate with the sonographer, leading to one step delay in his care provision and diagnosis. He was observed by Dr. Roos at 6.00 pm; however, examination was difficult due to his irritability. Dr Roos did note all physical indicators of meningitis. Dr. Roper was contacted and ordered for a lumbar puncture. He acknowledged no abnormal sign in Ryans abdomen, upon examination, he also denied his continuous crying and was unaware what pain medication was he taking at that time. However, he did not go through his medical chart from Emerald hospital or RBH ED and relied upon the verbal briefing of Dr. Roos and Dr. Kendes letter. It represented one of the key miscommunication done by Dr. Roper, he continuously showed communication errors throughout R yans case and on his interview, he attempted to deny most of his communication issues. A significant lack of clinical handover has also been shown here. At around 9.10 pm, Dr. Roper got to know the test result was negative and he neither undertook any further examination, nor spoke to Ryans parents directly, leaving it to nursing staffs. Dr. Roos asked Dr. Roper, whether a blood culture needed to be done, but he denied its urgency. Again a miscommunication was noted from Dr. Ropers side, he did not prioritize other physicians suggestions. However, he suspected a viral infection. Ryan did not visited by any doctor since the lumbar puncture at 7.30 pm to 9.15 am on the next day (Flatley, 2011). In the morning, Terry asked the nurses, when Ryan will see a doctor, they replied that doctors dont start their rounds till 8.00 am. With the irresponsibility of Dr. Roper, here, the nurses also shown significant lack in their communication process; instead of witnessing Ryans pain, they did not informed doctors or attempted to relieve him from the condition. Considering the likeliness of viral myosotis, he believed that the source of pain was from his limbs, but unable to identify the source. Dr. Kamal suspectes abdominal source of pain, Dr. Ropper nominated retrocaecal appendicitis. Dr. Kamal suggested blood culture for toxic work up, followed by IV fluids and antibiotics. However, Dr. Roper denied about these suggestions. He also refused Dr. Kamals suggestion for administering morphine, as it may mask the source of pain. He continuously suggested administering less pain relief medication, Codeine, which Ryan received 12.05 pm, a poor interaction of Dr. Roper with other physicians or staffs has been shown. The Nurse Wood asked for taking blood to examine toxic work up, as Ryans stomach was rigid. CT scan was performed, though it was not marked urgent (Flatley, 2011). Here, the RN represented significant skill of conflict management along with effective management. As she witnessed the deterioration in Ryans health, she attempted to do h er best to make the diagnosis and care accurate. One of the significant ways of communication in medical care is patient handover, which is done when a patients responsibility is handed over from one medical staff to the other during the change of shift. Appropriate clinical handover is important for delivering adequate and in-depth information about the patient and avoiding misdiagnosis or medication error (Craig et al., 2012). During the handover of Ryans case in the next shift, Dr, Roper showed negligence, he was not present during clinical handover. To help his breathing he was attempted to intubate and ventilated, shortly after, he got a cardiac arrest, leading him to death on 26th September 2007. During Ryans last few hours, Dr. Roper also showed poor communication, as he left the communication part with Ryans parents over the RN. However, the RN significantly communicated with them and empathized them for Ryans situation (Liaw et al., 2011). From the case study and coroners findings, it has been found that there were significant communication gap among the key physicians involved in Ryans case, which include miscommunication, insufficient information distribution and poor handover. Dr. Roper has been shown to avoid other physicians suggestions on Ryans health. However, it has also been shown that during Ryans last time, after he got a cardiac arrest, Dr. Roper left the job of informing Ryans parents about his condition, over the nurse; instead of communicating directly with them (Flatley, 2011). In this interview, he also depicted controversial comments about the information shared by other physicians regarding Ryans blood culture results. In the evening shift, Dr. Roper was not involved in the hand over procedure of Ryan. Nurses role is vital in care service, as she has the responsibility to communicate with patient, his family and physician regarding any kinds of health issues faced by the patient. In addition, communicating with other members in multidisciplinary team is also important for achieving success in care plan (King et al., 2013). Nurse King and Nurse Wood have shown to convey several times about Ryans pain, however, he continuously failed to manage his pain (Flatley, 2011). Moreover, after Ryans transfer from Emerald hospital to RBH, he only relied upon the verbal communication with the doctor of Emerald hospital; instead of checking Ryans medical history, his medical chart or thorough physical examination. These have been shown a poor communication, lack of patient safety and poor handover procedure (King et al., 2013). It has also shown that at the day before Ryans death, he was left over throughout the night since 7.30 pm to next day 8.00 am without visited by a doctor. Nurses noted th e child was screaming, but the doctor was not informed; showing a significant lack of communication and poor patient safety. It has been revealed that the GP, physicians at Emerald hospital as well as the on call consultant Dr. Roper at RBH ED played the key role in promoting the adverse effects in Ryans case. Reviewing the case, it has been revealed that Ryan was not at state of having fatal consequences, if he got proper diagnosis and care. However, from his GP Dr. Evans, he was being misdiagnosed and neglected regarding his severe pain. His GP was aware of the fact the that he undergone MMR vaccine, which reduces the chance of occurrence about 95%, though he diagnosed him with mumps and did not recommended for follow up visit. On the other hand, physicians at Emerald hospital also unable to diagnose the cause of his illness, however, they provided appropriate analgesia and referred him to a secondary hospital for advanced treatment (Flatley, 2011). However, a continuous negligence and misdiagnosis was observed from the on call consultant at Rockhampton hospital, Dr. Roper, who misdiagnosed his cause of illness more than one time, did not considered the positive recommendations of other physician and nurse at the multidisciplinary team, nor attempted to reduce Ryans pain, instead of witnessing him suffering continuously (Craig et al., 2012). These were the human factors contributed towards Ryans health deterioration. The paediatric consultant, Dr. Peter Roper explained that he did not attempt to relieve Ryans pain, as he did not want to mask Ryans symptoms with analgesia. However, coroner disapproved his explanation. Initially, Dr. Roper believed a viral infection of the child, but did not ordered a blood culture, despite of being suggested by junior doctor and repeatedly made serious errors in judgment, when he declined to do so. Cororner reported that after lumbar puncture report was positive, there was no initiative by Dr. Roper to urgently find the root cause; rather Ryan was left in pain, not visited by any doctor till next day morning (Miko, 2011). According to expert witness, blood culture should be done and antibiotics given, when physician thinks a lumber puncture is warranted. Interventions for ceasing bacterial infection were undertaken too late. Ryans parents described uncaring attitude of physicians, lack of urgency and poor communication. The coroner acknowledged Dr. Ropers years of committed service with inadequate resources (Ong, BiomedE Coiera, 2011). However, the Medical Board of Australia found no grounds for disciplinary action against Dr. Roper. Dr. Roper also failed to be involved in proper handover process as well as ignored the information in handover and patient chart made by nurse, where several times nurses mentioned about Ryans inconsolable pain. The adequacy of care at RBH included incomplete history, Dr. Roper did not investigated Ryan, instead only relied upon the verbal communication with the Emerald hospitals doctor; failure to examine, no septic work up or antibiotics and failure to pain management (Miko, 2011). When a CRP test was done, it demonstrated highly infective process, but at that stage, Ryan could not be saved. Nurses role in Ryans case was significant in addressing his problems. However, according to Ryans parents, Ryan screamed through the night in pain, but nurses didnt seem interested in following up with doctors. Nurse Wood approached Dr. Roper regarding Ryans pain and urgency for prompt attention. She also requested to give morphine to combat with Ryans pain, but was denied by Dr. Roper. RN King also noted Ryan was wailing. RN king asked for blood culture, which was a right diagnosis for Ryan. RN was also concerned that Ryan was not receiving adequate pain relief. Finally, as a result of RNs concern, Dr. Roper agreed to administer morphine to Ryan. Therefore, the RN, Nurse King her role significantly for Ryan, identifying him to be readily deteriorating, she was in deep distress at Ryans death. Therefore, according to the professional codes and competency standards, RN King met her standards of practice while taking care for Ryan, showed significant concern regarding urgency, showed e mpathy towards his distress and pain and attempted to continuously report Ryans deterioration to Dr. Roper and other physicians (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). Coroner agreed with 15 recommendations made by HQCC along with not taking any disciplinary action against Dr. Roper. The recommendations included inclusion of adequate training about service capability levels through Queensland hospitals; ensuring appropriate access to tertiary level telemedical advice through rural and regional medical team; state wide implementation of CRP reporting tools; to ensure radiological imaging is available at Rockhampton Hospital 24 hours per day, with state wide expansion of the process; to ensure handover process at RBH; to implement an escalation procedure for pathology reports and a automated alert process; to ensure nursing processes; to consider whether any further investigations are required (Miko, 2011). Communication plays a key role in these kinds of cases, as supported by a wide range of medical evidences. To reduce these kinds of issues, several national and federals legislations and policies has been implemented. In this context, the health care professionals hold the key responsibility of service users well being as well as any kinds of negative health consequences, as a result of services provided. Therefore, health care practitioner should be to avoid medical error or misdiagnosis like Ryans case in 2007. Reference List Abc.net.au,. (2017).PM - Toddler died undiagnosed and in terrible pain 07/10/2011.Abc.net.au. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2011/s3334923.htm courts.qld.gov.au,. (2011).Inquest into the death of Ryan Charles Saunders.courts.qld.gov.au. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.courts.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/107536/cif-saunders-rc-20111007.pdf Craig, R., Moxey, L., Young, D., Spenceley, N. S., Davidson, M. G. (2012). Strengthening handover communication in pediatric cardiac intensive care.Pediatric Anesthesia,22(4), 393-399. Flatley, C. (2011).Toddler's death: Doctor made 'serious errors'.Brisbane Times. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/toddlers-death-doctor-made-serious-errors-20111007-1ldcb.html King, B. J., Gilmore?Bykovskyi, A. L., Roiland, R. A., Polnaszek, B. E., Bowers, B. J., Kind, A. J. (2013). The consequences of poor communication during transitions from hospital to skilled nursing facility: a qualitative study.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,61(7), 1095-1102. Liaw, S. Y., Scherpbier, A., Klainin?Yobas, P., Rethans, J. J. (2011). A review of educational strategies to improve nurses' roles in recognizing and responding to deteriorating patients.International nursing review,58(3), 296-303. Miko, T. (2011).Ryan was left crying in agony.Rockhampton Morning Bulletin. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.themorningbulletin.com.au/news/ryan-was-left-crying-in-agony-in-isolation/1109268/ Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au,. (2017).Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Professional standards.Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 12 April 2017, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards.aspx Ong, M. S., BiomedE, M., Coiera, E. (2011). A systematic review of failures in handoff communication during intrahospital transfers.The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety,37(6), 274-AP8. Bibliography Doyle, C., Lennox, L., Bell, D. (2013). A systematic review of evidence on the links between patient experience and clinical safety and effectiveness.BMJ open,3(1), e001570. Khan, T. M., Hassali, M. A., Al-Haddad, M. S. M. (2011). Patient-physician communication barrier: A pilot study evaluating patient experiences.Journal of Young Pharmacists,3(3), 250-255. Liu, W., Manias, E., Gerdtz, M. (2012). Medication communication between nurses and patients during nursing handovers on medical wards: a critical ethnographic study.International journal of nursing studies,49(8), 941-952. Morris, B. J., Jahangir, A. A., Sethi, M. K. (2013). Patient satisfaction: an emerging health policy issue.Am Acad Orthop Surg,6, 7-9. Stepanikova, I. (2014). PatientPhysician Communication.The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Health, Illness, Behavior, and Society.

Monday, December 2, 2019

The Concept of Ego Depletion in Psychology

Apart from healing time, younger people are not overwhelmed by emotional fatigue which can be another name of ego depletion. Admittedly, the concept of ego depletion can confirm that younger people can better cope with such ordeal as the loss of a close one. However, it is necessary to take a closer look at the notion of ego depletion to understand its effects on people’s behavior.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Ego Depletion in Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Notably, Freud mentioned concepts similar to the concept of ego depletion (Baumeister et al., 1998). He claimed that ego was like a rider who was trying to control his horse (i.e. id), which is sometimes impossible. He also believed that there were certain limits to people’s capacity to control their nature (Baumeister et al., 1998). Now researchers have more specific ideas on the matter. For instance, Baumeister an d Vohs (2007, p. 117) define ego depletion as â€Å"a state in which the self does not have all the resources it has normally†. Vohs et al. (2011, p. 166) provide a more precise definition stating that â€Å"[e]arlier engagements in self-regulation lead to later self-regulation failures, a hangover effect†. It is important to note that researchers quite agree upon the definitions, but they have different views on one important point. Thus, some researchers suggest that self-regulation is unlimited and motivation can diminish ego depletion (Job et al., 2010; Vohs et al., 2012). However, it is necessary to add that Vohs et al. (2012) admit that this is true when it comes to some everyday self-control scenarios, whereas ego depletion increases in such cases as death of a close one, severe health problems experiences, etc. Schmeichel et al. (2003) provide valuable data which verify these assumptions. Though the researchers focuse on cognitive operations, it is obvious that more complex psychological processes lead to higher levels of ego depletion (be it reasoning or experiencing emotional traumas).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At the same time, a lot of researchers argue that self-regulation is indeed limited. Various surveys and experiments confirm such assumptions. For instance, Job et al. (2011) state that the availability of information on limited or unlimited self-regulation resources only affects people’s perception on the matter, but have no effect on actual level of ego depletion. In other words, even though people start believing they can cope with a variety of problems irrespective of their previous experiences, this does not affect their actual ability to handle this or that issue. Interestingly, Heatherton and Wagner (2011) focus on neurological aspect of the issue. Their study also confirms that people have different capacities to regulate their emotions with the course of time. The researchers also claim that the more self-regulation people have to exert the higher level of ego depletion will occur. Leary and Tangney (2012) state that people try to improve their lives with the help of self-control. Self-control helps people fit the society, which, in its turn, helps them feel better. Therefore, various surveys confirm that younger people have more capacity to overcome such psychological traumas as the loss of close people. When a young individual faces the issue for the first time, he/she feels distress and anxiety. However, young people find strength to exert self-control. They may or may not be assisted. In other words, their friends, relatives or psychologists can help them find ways to cope with the problem. Thus, young people who experience such psychological traumas can accept the loss and move on. Certain time later people have to experience similar feelings as the loss of relatives and close peop le is inevitable. Facing such problems, young people already have specific behavioral patterns to follow. They can exert self-control. When it comes to older people, their capacity is coming to an end as each loss diminishes self-control capacity. Older people experience numerous sad events which make them grow weaker, so-to-speak. Updegraff and Taylor (2000) claim that people’s mastery diminishes each time they have to exert self-control.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Ego Depletion in Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Admittedly, elderly people are especially vulnerable as they exert self-control throughout their lives. Many elderly people have to live through the death of their child which is one of the most serious psychological traumas (Ryan, 2012). Thus, the loss of a partner at eighty is more difficult to handle compared to the loss of a partner at thirty. In the latter ca se the individual has almost full capacity of self-control. However, the elderly individual has already spent considerable amount of his/her capacity while coping with various sad experiences during his/her lifetime. The level of ego depletion is high since this person has had to exert self-control previously. There have been many associations with the concept of ego depletion. One of the easiest associations is as follows: holding a 7-kilo package can seem quite difficult at the beginning. However, this package can seem simply intolerable after holding it for a couple of hours. Likewise, when exerting self-control for the first time, it is difficult, but in the course of time this task can seem unbearable. Therefore, the concept of ego depletion does confirm that older people regulate their emotions worse or even much worse than younger people. Reference List Baumeister, R.F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M. Tice, D.M. (1998). Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource? Jou rnal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(5), 1252-1265. Baumeister, R.F., Vohs, K.D. (2007). Self-regulation, ego depletion, and motivation. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1(1), 115-128. Heatherton, T.F. Wagner, D.D. (2011). Cognitive neuroscience of self-regulation failure. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(3), 132-139.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Job, V., Dweck, C.S. Walton, G.M. (2010). Ego depletion – is it all in your head? Implicit theories about willpower affect self-regulation. Psychological Science, 21(11), 1686-1693. Leary, M.R. Tangney, J.P. (2012). Handbook of self and identity. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Ryan, R.M. (2012). The Oxford handbook of human motivation. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Schmeichel, B.J., Vohs, K.D. Baumeister, R.F. (2003). Intellectual performance and ego depletion: Role of the self in logical reasoning and other information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(1), 33-46. Updegraff, J.A. Taylor, S.E. (2000). From vulnerability to growth: Positive and negative effects of stressful life events. In J.H. Harvey E.D. Miller (Ed.), Loss and trauma: General and close relationship perspectives (pp. 3-21). New York, NY: Psychology Press. Vohs, K.D., Glass, B.D., Maddox, W.T. Markman, A. (2011). Ego depletion is not just fatigue: Evidence from a total s leep deprivation experiment. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(2), 166-173. Vohs, K.D., Baumeister, R.F., Schmeichel, B.J. (2012). Motivation, personal beliefs, and limited resources all contribute to self-control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. Web. This essay on The Concept of Ego Depletion in Psychology was written and submitted by user Marilyn Martin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.